针对现行空气污染指数与实际人体感受可能存在较大差距的问题,分别在广州和乌鲁木齐进行了为期一年的问卷调查.结果表明:公众主观环境空气质量评价(PSI)为良和轻微污染对应的API分别为43和99(广州), 75和179(乌鲁木齐),但较弱的相关关系表明,现行包含3项污染物指标的API尚不能完全体现公众的主观感受;公众健康综合感受(PHI)恶化对应的API区间广州约为API>60,乌鲁木齐则为API>100;广州PSI的主要影响因素是PHI和能见度,而在乌鲁木齐则为ρ(SO2),ρ(NO2),ρ(PM10)和PHI;建议将能见度,O3和PM2.5纳入API或环境空气质量评价.%In order to investigate the possible differences between existing AP1 and actual public sentiment, a questionnaire was designed to measure the subjective public health sentiment and objective public health condition for a period of one year in Guangzhou and Urumqi. The results from the public subjective index (PSl) suggest that good and slightly polluted ambient air quality correspond to AP1 values of 43 and 99 in Guangzhou, and 75 and 179 in Urumqi, respectively. The weak correlation between PSI and AP1 indicates that the APl implemented now in China, including only three pollutants, cannot adequately represent subjective public sentiment. The negative effects on comprehensive public health index(PHI) were found to occur when the APl was higher than about 60 in Guangzhou and 100 in Urumqi. The main factors affecting PSl are PHland visibility in Guangzhou,and mass concentrations of S02 ,NO2 and PM1o and PHl in Urumqi. It is suggested to bring visibility and O3 and PM2.5 into AP1 and ambient air quality evaluation.
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