子模型技术在车辆车体结构有限元分析中的应用

摘要

Taking a stainless steel vehicle bodies as the object of study,for the overall rigidity of vehicle bodies and the structure contributing to local strength,by adopting a modeling method combining space hexahedral element and four-node shell element,this article makes a finite element analysis on the steel structure for the body structure of a complete vehicle. Based on the relevant standards for the comprehensive vehicle bodies test-bed test, a static strength test is conducted on the vehicle bodies, with the static strength of vehicle structure under a compression load meeting the design requirement. By utilizing the submodel technology,the local structure of vehicle bodies is split and recalculated. By making a comparison between the theoretical results of the complete vehicle model and the submodel and the test data,the data deviation obtained falls into the rational range,which means that the computed results of the submodel are correct and can correctly analyses the local structure optimization issues. Therefore , it can be a feasible way to optimize the finite element model.%以某不锈钢车车体为研究对象，对车体整体刚度及局部强度有贡献的结构，采用空间六面体单元和四节点壳单元混合建模的方式，对整车车体钢结构进行有限元分析。依据车体综合试验台试验的相关标准对车体进行静强度试验测试，车体结构在压缩载荷工况作用下的静强度满足设计要求。利用子模型技术，对车体局部结构进行单元细化并重新计算。将整车模型、子模型的理论计算结果与试验数据进行比较，数据偏差在合理范围以内，说明子模型的计算结果准确，够准确地分析局部结构优化问题，可作为有限元模型优化的一种可行的方法。