针对重载铁路道岔钢轨折断及伤损监测系统采集的声发射信号有较强背景噪声的现状,给出了一种基于双谱的声发射信号表征及特征提取方法,利用双谱能有效抑制高斯噪声的特性成功实现背景噪声抑制.试验数据、现场数据都验证了双谱能实现道岔区背景噪声的抑制.重载铁路道岔钢轨折断及伤损监测系统在大秦重载铁路迁安北站18#道岔试用期间成功捕捉到轨顶掉块伴生的声发射信号.%Aiming at the problem that there is strong background noise in the acoustic emission signals collected by monitoring system for rail fracture and damage of heavy haul railway turnout,a bispectrum based extraction method was put forward to obtain the characteristics and features of the acoustic emission signals. Using bispectrum feature, effectively restraining Gauss Noise,this method could successfully restrain the background noise. It was verified by both experimental and field tests that bispectrum method could successfully restrain background noise around turnout location. T he monitoring system for rail fracture and damage of heavy haul railway turnout was installed for test at the turnout No. 18 in Qian'an North Station of Datong-Qinhuangdao heavy haul railway. It successfully captured the acoustic emission signals of rail top spalling.
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