青少年吸烟行为的内隐社会认知研究

摘要

研究探讨了内隐态度、吸烟后果期望以及工作记忆容量的交互作用是如何影响吸烟行为的。研究获得如下结论：（1）吸烟者对吸烟行为持有消极的内隐态度;（2）积极后果期望和内隐态度与吸烟行为的关系都受到工作记忆容量的调节,但却表现出截然不同的调节模式：工作记忆容量高的吸烟者的积极后果期望能够预测吸烟行为,而工作记忆容量低的吸烟者的内隐态度能够预测吸烟行为;（3）工作记忆容量高、内隐态度积极的吸烟者的消极后果期望能预测吸烟行为,而工作记忆容量低、内隐态度消极的吸烟者的消极后果期望能够预测吸烟行为。%This study investigated if and how the interaction between implicit attitude,smoking outcome expectancy and working memory capacity predict smoking behavior.Results showed that smokers had negative implicit attitude toward smoking behavior.The hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed working memory capacity moderated the relationship between implicit attitude and smoking behavior and the relationship between positive smoking outcome expectancy but in the opposite direction.That is,positive smoking outcome expectancy can predict smoking behavior among smokers with higher levels of working memory capacity,but in smokers with lower levels of working memory capacity,implicit attitude predicted smoking behavior.More than this,negative smoking outcome expectancy can predict smoking behavior in smokers with relatively high working memory capacity and positive implicit attitude.Conversely,however,negative smoking outcome expectancy predicted smoking behavior in smokers with relatively low working memory capacity,but only if they had negative implicit attitude.