老年患者下肢动脉粥样硬化与心血管疾病的危险因素相关分析

摘要

目的:探讨老年患者下肢动脉粥样硬化与心血管疾病危险因素关系,为疾病的预防控制和治疗提供依据.方法:收集从2016年1月到2017年1月在南华大学附属第一医院进行下肢静脉彩色多普勒超声检查的715例住院患者的基本临床数据和检测数据,确诊为下肢动脉粥样硬化的患者215例作为实验组,剩余500例为对照组,比较两组心血管危险因素,并采用Logistics回归分析筛选出下肢动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素.结果:实验组年龄、存在高血压病史及糖尿病史比例及血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、载脂蛋白B(APO-B)、血清肌酐(Cr)、尿酸(UA)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、空腹血糖(FBG)、血浆纤维蛋白原(Fib)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(SDP)水平均高于对照组(P＜0.05),而体质量指数(BMI)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白AI(APO-AI)、鞘氨醇l-磷酸(SlP)、清道夫受体(SRBI)水平均低于对照组(P＜0.05).多因素Logistics回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.156)、糖尿病史(OR=2.623)、UA(OR=1.005)、TG(OR=2.345)、FBG (OR=1.066)为下肢动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素(均P＜0.05).结论:心血管的危险因素与下肢动脉粥样硬化有关,其中年龄、糖尿病史、UA、TG、FBG为下肢动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素,对上述因素进行针对性干预可以有效预防下肢动脉粥样硬化的发生.%Objective:To investigate the correlation between low limb atherosclerosis and the risk factors of cardiovascular in elderly patients,and to provide the proof for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods:The basic data and examination date of 715 elderly inpatients,who underwent color Doppler ultrasound in First Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University from January 2016 to January 2017,were collected.Among them,215 patients diagnosed with lower limb atherosclerosis were chosen as experimental group,the remaining 500 patients,as control group.Cardiovascular risk factors were compared between the two groups,and The independent risk factors of low limb atherosclerosis were screened out by Logistics regression analysis.Results:Age,incidence of hypertension and diabetes history,the levels of total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),apolipoprotein B (APO-B),serum creatinine (Cr),uric acid (UA),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (s-CRP),fasting plasma glucose (FBG),fibrinogen (Fib),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05);while the body mass index (BMI),the levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),apolipoprotein AI (APO-AI) and Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P),Scavenger Receptor Class B Type 1 (SRB1) were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05).Multivariate logistics regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.156),history of diabetes (OR=2.623),UA (R=l.005),TG (R=2.345),FBG (OR=1.066) were the independent risk factors of lower limb atherosclerosis (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:The risk factors of cardiovascular disease are related to the lower limb atherosclerosis,among which,age,history of diabetes,UA,TG,FBG are independent risk factors of lower extremity atherosclerosis,and targeted intervention of the above factors can effectively prevent the occurrence of lower limbs atherosclerosis.