徐圩港区防波堤口门布置对航道横流影响研究*

摘要

The cross-flow of channel in the entrance of the encircle breakwater which stretch out the coast is always concerned, for it may influence the ship to navigate. For the different design plan of the encircle breakwater entrance in Xuwei port, the cross-flow of every design plan is simulated by the 2D tidal-current numerical model. The results shows that the maximum cross-flow of flood tide is greater than that of the ebb tide, which means that the maximum cross-flow is dominated by flood tide;The maximum cross-flow of every plan occurres in the waters near the entrance(or the dike head) around high tide level period. The maximum cross-flow is related to the width and the layout of the entrance. After the double-dike is built, the location of the maximum cross-flow moves outward the waters near the dike head. The maximum cross-flow gradually decreases towards the entrance, which is good for ships near the entrance to navigate.%　　环抱式防波堤突出于海岸，其口门航道横流可能影响船舶进出。针对徐圩港区环抱式防波堤口门不同布置方案，运用二维潮流数学模型，计算各方案的航道横流。研究结果表明：涨潮期间的航道最大横流大于落潮，涨潮横流起控制作用；各方案最大横流均出现在口门（或堤头）附近水域，出现时刻在高潮位前后；最大横流与口门宽度、口门布置形式有关；口门设置双导堤后，最大横流位置外移至堤头附近水域，向口门逐渐减小，这对口门附近水域船舶的航行是有利的。