A KF/A12O3 solid base catalyst was prepared by an impregnation method and characterized by means of XRD, SEM and TG-DTA. The catalytic performances of the catalyst in the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol were evaluated. The optimal conditions for the preparation of the KF/A12O3 catalyst were KF loading(based on the mass of A12O3 support) 40%, calcination temperature 773 K and calcination time 3 h. The XRD and TG-DTA results show that a new K3A1F6 crystalline phase forms under the optimal conditions, which plays an important role in the form of catalytic active sites on the catalyst surface. Under the optimum conditions for the transesterification of n(methanol) : n(soybean oil) 12 : 1, catalyst dosage(based on the mass of soybean oil) 3 % and reaction time 3 h in reflux state, the yield of biodiesel can reach 83.7%.%采用浸渍法制备了KF/Al2O3固体碱催化剂,并应用在大豆油与甲醇的酯交换反应中,探索了催化剂制备条件和酯交换反应条件；采用SEM,XRD,TG-DTA等方法对催化剂进行了表征.实验结果表明,当KF负载量(基于Al2O3载体的质量)为40％时,在773 K下焙烧3h,可制得催化活性较高的KF/Al2O3催化剂.XRD与TG-DTA表征结果显示,KF/Al2O3催化剂的活性是因KF与Al2O3经高温焙烧产生了新的晶相K3AlF6.在n(甲醇)∶n(大豆油)=12∶1、催化剂用量(基于大豆油的质量)为3％、回流状态下反应3h,生物柴油的收率可达83.7％.
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