从目的论的视角看翻译的政治

摘要

20世纪80年代以来翻译研究的文化转向揭示了翻译不是单纯的技术性行为，而是处在社会文化政治经济影响下的“传介过程”，为了达到特殊目的，因此必不可少地受到政治的影响。文章首先梳理翻译的政治的发展历史，接着结合实例，主要从官方政治意识形态、赞助人因素、地缘政治与外交手段、女性主义和后殖民语境下的暴力政治等客观因素具体阐述政治对翻译的影响。把目的论和翻译的政治问题结合将会给翻译研究带来一些新观念和新视角。%The cultural turn in the late 1980s revealed translation is not a pure technical activity, but a“communicative process”influenced by the social culture and politics for the certain purpose. The history of the politics of translation will be reviewed first, and then with profound examples, the impacts of politics to translation will be explained in the aspects of official political ideolo-gy, patronage, geopolitics, feminist and violent politics of post-colony. The combination of Skopos theory and the politics of translation will bring new concepts and new perspectives to translation study.