By constructing the model of fuzzy expert system , this paper explores the optimal matching between six leadership styles ( spiritual type , coaching type , relational type , democratic type , forerunning type and com-manding type)and four organizational situation elements (organizational culture, subordinates’ maturity, leader-subordinate relationship and the uncertainty of the environment ) .Moreover , applying the model to analyze a pri-vate company of apparel external trade , we find that spiritual leadership would be in favour of the development of the company when the value of environmental uncertainty is larger and the values of organizational culture , subor-dinates ’ maturity and leader-subordinate relation are smaller .The conclusion demonstrates the descriptive power of the model , remedies the shortcoming of traditional qualitative studies , and will provide some suggestions for leaders who need to transform a fixed leadership style according to specific situations .%通过构建模糊专家系统模型，研究六类领导风格（愿景型、教练型、关系型、民主型、领跑型和命令型）与四种组织情境要素（组织文化、下属成熟度、领导-下属关系和环境不确定性）的最优匹配。并运用该模型对一家民营服装外贸公司进行了实证分析，发现该公司面临的环境不确定性值较大，而组织文化、下属成熟度和领导-下属关系的值相对较小，领导者采取愿景型领导风格更有利于企业的发展。结论表明了该模型的有效性，弥补了传统研究定性分析的不足，并对领导者根据具体组织情境转变单一的领导风格具有启示作用。
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