根据2005年2月—2009年11月对胶州湾14个站共20个航次大型底栖动物的调查资料,分析了大型底栖动物种类组成、生物多样性、栖息密度、生物量和次级生产力的现状和变化。各航次共采集到大型底栖动物442种,其中多毛类189种,甲壳动物112种,软体动物81种,棘皮动物22种,其它类群38种。2005—2009年种数的年度、季节性差异较小。生物多样性指数各季节变化不大,空间分布上湾内的中北部高于中南部。总栖息密度表现为冬、春季大于夏、秋季。相对于1998—1999和2000—2004年,栖息密度有下降趋势,总生物量有所增加,说明较大型的生物增加。2005—2009年胶州湾平均次级生产力有明显季节变化,春季最高,秋、夏季次之,冬季最小。%Based on data collected during 20 cruises from 14 sampling stations in the Jiaozhou Bay between February 2005 and November 2009,species composition,abundance,biomass,biodiversity,and secondary production of macrobenthos from the bay were studied.The results showed：1） 442 species of macrobenthos were found and identified,in which 189 were polychaete species,112 were crustaceans,81 were mollusks,22 were echinoderms,and 38 were species of other groups;the numbers of species in 2005 and 2009 were greater than those in 2006,2007 and 2008,seasonal differences in the numbers of species during 2005—2009 were small,and annual and seasonal changes were in normal ranges;2） seasonal differences of macrobenthic biodiversity indices were small;the indices were higher in the northern（inner） area than those in the southern part（close to the mouth of the bay） and outside of the bay;3） mean abundance of macrobenthos in the Bay was higher in winter and spring than those in summer and fall;the mean abundance in 2005—2009 was lower than those in 1998—2004,macrobenthic abundance in the bay decreased over time;4） the mean macrobenthic biomasses in the bay during 2005—2009 being higher than that during 1998—2004 implies that the species with large body size were increased during 2005—2009 those that during 1998—2004;5） secondary productions of macrobenthos in 2005—2009 was at similar level as those in 1998—2004,however,the culture of Philippine clam（Ruditapes philippinarum） was more important to the contribution of secondary production of macrobenthos in the bay than before;the mean secondary productions had distinct seasonal differences,i.e.,highest in spring,lowest in winter.
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