为分析和解决汽车扭力梁悬架系统振动引致的整车NVH问题,建立施加约束边界的悬架系统有限元模型并计算其系统模态.为了更确切地模拟悬架橡胶衬套在实际工作状态下所表现出的动态刚度特性,在有限元建模中提出一种衬套动刚度的当量方法,并结合试验验证阐明该方法的正确性.基于验证后的模型,以衬套刚度为影响因素,对悬架系统的低阶模态频率进行灵敏度分析,并讨论衬套刚度约束方向与模态振型之间的联系,最终揭示出衬套刚度对系统模态分布的影响规律.%In order to analyze and solve the vehicle's NVH problem caused by the vibration of torsional beam suspension system, the finite element model of the suspension system was established and its modals were calculated. To simulate the dynamic stiffness characteristic of suspension rubber bushings accurately in the actual working condition, an equivalent method for the dynamic stiffness computation of the bushings was put forward in the modeling. Then, the validity of this method was verified by modal experiment. Based on the validated model, the bushing stiffness was selected as the influencing factor for sensitivity analysis of the low order modal frequency of the suspension system. And the relation between the constraint direction of the bushing stiffness and mode shapes was discussed. The influence law of the bushing stiffness on the modal distribution of the suspension system was revealed.
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