基于熵权物元模型的航道引航环境风险评价

摘要

为客观、定量评价不同航道引航环境风险状况,并确定其风险等级,以航道通航环境为评价主体,增添反映被引船舶状况的客观量化指标,构建航道引航环境风险评价指标体系,并使用熵权物元模型对其进行评价.根据待评价航道引航环境的风险特征和评价需求,使用Visual C++6.0开发基于熵权物元模型的风险评价软件,为引航作业和海事管理提供决策支持.在实例验证中,选取长江江苏段某4段航道,根据航道引航环境风险评价指标体系确定其指标客观量化值,通过熵权物元模型处理得到其引航环境的风险等级.为对客观量化的评价结果进行检验,邀请20位引航员根据定性的评价标准确定4段航道的指标主观定性分数,通过风险评价软件对4段航道的引航环境风险状况进行重新评价,对比分析定性与定量评价的结果,验证模型的可靠性和软件的实用性.%An index system reflecting the channel piloting risks associated with the channel conditions is established.The system involves both navigational environment of channels and the conditions of piloted ships,emphasizing the former.The entropy weight and matter-element model is used for evaluating the environmental risks to channel piloting.A risk evaluation software for supporting decision making in pilotage operations and maritime services is developed with Visual C ++ 6.0 according to the risk characters and evaluation requirements.Four channels of Yangtze River are evaluated for illustration.The objective quantitative values of indexes for each channel are obtained by the proposed evaluation system.Meantime,20 experienced pilots are invited to give their subjective estimates of the channel condition indexes.The two sets of indexes are used for risk estimation respectively and the results are compared for verification.