五轴加工中心耳轴式工作台动力学分析与仿真研究∗

摘要

For the deformation and vibration appeared in the working process of machining center work-bench,we solved them only by experience in the past,it couldn't effectively find the actual problems of the potential regularity. In this paper,by means of computer modeling and simulation technology to carry out mo-dal analysis and harmonic response analysis of machining center workbench,the working parameters such as natural frequency, direction of minimum stiffness, resonance frequency and maximum deformation of the workbench which may cause potential safety hazard of working parameters were revealed. These results were taken as the actual machining reference,the deeper theoretical research of the workbench was implemented. By avoiding the above parameters, the workbench can satisfy the requirement of processing precision of parts,putting an end to solving the problems with experience. This paper also provided theoretical basis of dynamic analysis for the design and optimization of trunnion workbench, it can be the rule of workbench structure.%针对加工中心工作过程中出现的工作台变形、振动影响零件精度等情况，以往均是凭经验解决，不能有效发现实际存在问题的潜在规律性。文章通过计算机建模与仿真技术对课题中五轴立式加工中心耳轴式工作台的进行模态分析和谐响应分析，揭示台面的固有频率、最低刚度方向、共振频率、最大变形等可能造成潜在安全隐患的工作参数。将以上结果作为实际加工参考，实现对回转工作台深层次的理论研究，通过避免以上工作参数可使工作台满足零件的加工精度要求，杜绝凭经验解决。同时文章可为耳轴式工作台台面的设计和优化提供关键性的动力学分析方向和理论基础，使工作台结构趋于规律化。