摆头转台五轴数控机床RTCP算法的研究∗

摘要

Because of the influence of the rotary kinematics, the movement of rotary axis brings to non-line-ar error in five-axis NC machine tool processing which the trajectory of actual interpolation movement of ma-chine tool deviated from the programming line. Base on kinematics model of five-axis NC machine tool with table-rotary, Mathematical model of non-linear error was analyzed in five-axis processing and the interpolate algorithm of RTCP function was presented. The effectiveness of RTCP algorithm was proved by MATLAB simulation and the machining accuracy was significantly improved.%在五轴数控机床加工中，由于旋转运动的影响，机床各轴线性插补的合成运动会使实际刀位运动偏离编程直线，造成编程直线和机床实际运动轨迹之间产生了误差，该误差被称为非线性误差。在对摆头转台五轴数控机床运动求解进行研究的基础上，基于机床的运动求解模型，分析了五坐标加工中的非线性误差的数学模型，提出了一种RTCP功能的插补算法，并通过MATLAB实例仿真验证该RTCP算法可以有效减小非线性误差，显著提高加工精度。