基于五轴机床旋转干涉的旋转路径优化算法

摘要

针对AC/BC五轴数控机床旋转轴不合理运动引发的干涉现象,提出一套基于五轴机床旋转干涉的旋转角优化算法,该算法能够自动计算出一条最优的旋转路径,为解决旋转干涉问题提供理论支撑.首先,根据五轴机床旋转运动方程及机床行程,得到解的特性;其次,分析旋转干涉产生的机理,给出旋转干涉判定依据;再次,建立旋转路径优化算法,寻找一条最优旋转路径;最后,通过两个五轴轮廓铣加工实例来验证该算法的可行性.该算法最大程度上避免了机床旋转干涉,在国内某数控厂得到了一定应用.%In order to solve the problem of interference phenomenon caused by unreasonable movement of rotation axis in five-axis CNC machine tools, a optimizational algorithm about rotation angle was proposed. A most optimizational rotation route is calculated automatically which could provide theoretical support for rotating interference phenomenon. Firstly, the solution properties of rotation angle was obtained bassed on e-quation of rotational motion and limit in five-axis CNC machine tools . Secondly, the production mechanism and decision condition of rotating interference were given. Thirdly, the algorithm about rotation route were built and the best one of them was found. Finally, the practicability of this algorithm was proved through two examples about five-axis profile milling. The algorithm avoids the rotation interference of machine tools to a great extent, and it has been applied in a certain NC factory in China.