微型电动汽车车身结构改进及动态试验分析

摘要

为了降低车身振动,以某微型电动汽车车身为研究对象,利用有限元软件对其进行静态分析,根据变形和应力分布情况进行结构改进,并对改进后的车身进行模态分析,提取前6阶固有频率和振型并进行试验验证.结果表明:改进后的车身满载左前轮悬空工况最大变形降低了79.75%,最大等效应力降低了48.64%;对角两轮悬空工况最大变形降低了76.30%,最大等效应力降低了55.63%;车身的固有振型以顶棚振动为主,第1阶模态频率为7.803 2Hz.%In order to reduce the vibration of the frame,a type of micro electric vehicle frame was studied.And the static of the frame are analyzed based on the finite element software,then the structure of the frame is improved according to the deformation and equivalent stress distribution.The mode of the improved frame is analyzed and the first 6 order natural frequencies and modes are extracted.And dynamic tests are performed to verify that the results are correct.According to the analysis results,the maximum deformation of the improved frame is reduced by 79.75% and the maximum equivalent stress is reduced by 48.64% under full load and left front wheel suspension condition.And the maximum deformation of the improved frame is reduced by 76.30% and the maximum equivalent stress is reduced by 55.63% under full load and diagonal two wheel suspension.And the ceiling vibration is main in the natural mode of vibration and the first order modal frequency is 7.803 2Hz.