黄花蒿叶甲醇粗提物对尖孢镰刀菌的抑制作用

摘要

目的:探讨黄花蒿叶甲醇粗提物对尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum的抑菌活性.方法:通过体外抑菌实验,利用牛津杯法、琼脂平板表面萌发法、吖啶橙和碘化丙啶染色法,测定不同质量浓度黄花蒿叶甲醇提取物对三七根腐病主要致病菌尖孢镰刀菌的孢子萌发率、孢子活力、菌丝生长以及产孢量的影响.结果:黄花蒿叶甲醇提取物能降低尖孢镰刀菌的孢子萌发率和孢子活力,抑制菌丝的生长和产孢量的增加,且随着黄花蒿叶甲醇提取物浓度的增大,其对尖孢镰刀菌的抑制作用变强.当质量浓度为25.65 mg·mL－1时,与对照组相比,孢子萌发率、孢子活力分别降低了13.25%和12.50%;产孢量也显著降低,较对照组降低了90.61%.结论:黄花蒿叶甲醇提取物对尖孢镰刀菌的生长有抑制作用,该研究将为三七根腐病的生态防控以及新农药的开发利用提供重要科学依据.%Objective:To investigate the antifungal activity of the methanolic extract from Artemisia annua leaves on Fusarium oxysporum.Methods:In vitro experiment was explored by using Oxford Cup method,agar plate surface germination method,acridine orange propidium iodide staining method to determine the effects of the different concentration methanol extract from A.annua leaves on the spore germination rate,spore viability,hypha growth and spore yields of F.oxysporum, which is the main pathogen of Panax notoginseng root-rot diseases.Results:The methanolic extract of A.annua could reduce the spore germination rate and spore activity.Furthermore, it could inhibit the mycelium growth and sporulation of F.oxysporum.With the increasing concentration of the methanol extract from A.annua leaves, the inhibition effect on F.oxysporum became stronger.When the concentration was 25.65 mg·mL－1,compared with the control group,the spore germination rate and spore activity decreased by 13.25% and 12.50%,respectively.The spore yield was also decreased by 90.61% compared with the control group.Conclusion:The methanolic extract from A.annua leaves inhibited the growth of F.oxysporum.Taken together,the present study would lend supports for both ecological control and development of new pesticides of P.notoginseng.