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环境昆虫学报

环境昆虫学报

北大核心

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Journal of Environmental Entomology
原刊《昆虫天敌》，是由我国著名昆虫学家蒲蛰龙院士1979年创办，广东省昆虫学会主办的省级学术性期刊，是中国期刊网、万方数据库、中国科学引文数据库、中国学术期刊文摘（英文）版收录的科技类期刊之一。随着我国昆虫学科和相关交叉学科的发展，原刊《昆虫天敌》由于名称的局限，接受和发表文章的范围显得太窄，不利于本学科的学术交流与研究成果的推广。为适应新时期新形势的要求，经中华人民共和国新闻出版署批准（新出报刊[2007]390号文件），自2008年1月起《昆虫天敌》将正式更名为《环境昆虫学报》(Journal of Environmental Entomology)，新编国内统一连续出版号为CN44-1640/Q，ISSN1674-0858。
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  • 发文量：2093
  • 被引量：1086
  • H指数：3
  • 开始收录时间：1989,11(1)
  • CNKI综合因子：0.693
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 1.34
  • 万方期刊影响因子：0.8
  • 创刊时间：1979
  • 国内刊号/CN：44-1640/Q
    国际刊号/ISSN：1674-0858
  • 发行周期：双月刊
    邮发代号：46-18
  • 主管单位：广东省科学技术协会
    主办单位：广东省昆虫学会,中国昆虫学会
环境昆虫学报-联系信息
  • 主编：庞虹
  • 电话：020-84456131
  • 邮箱：insect1979@163.com
  • 地址：广州新港西路105号
  • 邮编：510260
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环境昆虫学报 >2023年第2期

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  • 摘要：In this paper,The primary analysis of Opisthoplata orientalis Buron on the nutritional components,amino acid composition and content,the composition and content of fatty acids,and trace elements.The results showed that the contents of crude protein,crude fat,moisture and ash were 80％、11.2％、3.77％ and 4.93％.The O.orientalis contained 18 amino acids,the content of total amino acids was 39378.86 mg/100 g,8 essential amino acids to human,the essential amino acids and 2 kinds of quasi-essential amino acid were 47.1％,and the ratios of E/T were 0.62,the essential amino acid pattern of O.orientalis met the standard protein pattern recommended by FAO.The O.orientalis contain 11 kinds of fatty acids,including 7 kinds of unsaturated fatty acid,unsaturated fatty acid content of the total of 74.78％,and the content of oleic acid was as higher as 61.30％,in detection of 5 kinds of constant elements and 5 kinds of trace elements K,P,Mg,Ca,Na,Zn,Mn,Cu 8 element content is relatively rich,Fe content less,beneficial element of Se.O.orientalis is an insect food and medical resource with good nutritional qualities.%本文主要对金边地鳖Opisthoplata orientalis Buron的一般营养成分,氨基酸、脂肪酸的组成及含量和矿物质元素进行了分析测试.结果表明:粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分和灰分的含量分别是:80％、11.2％、3.77％、4.93％;含有18种氨基酸,总氨基酸含量39378.861mg/100g,其中8种必需氨基酸和2种半必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的47.1％,必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸的比值为0.62,符合FAO推荐的理想蛋白模式;脂肪酸有11种,其中7种不饱和脂肪酸占总油脂的74.78％,不饱和脂肪酸中的油酸含量高达61.3％;检测的5种常量元素和5种微量元素中K、P、Mg、Ca、Na、Zn、Mn、Cu 8种元素含量较为丰富,Fe含量较少,含有有益元素Se.作为传统的中药昆虫,金边地鳖同时还具有丰富的营养成分,是具有深入开发和利用价值的药用及食用昆虫.
  • 摘要：王浆主蛋白(Major royal jelly proteins,MRJPs)是王浆中的水溶性蛋白,为王浆蛋白的主要组分.因结构与功能的相似性,各王浆蛋白编码基因构成一个基因家族.目前该基因家族已鉴定出9个成员,依次命名为mrjp 1～9.该家族为单系群,拥有共同的祖先-yellow-e3,各成员之间具有较高的同源性.随着进化的进行,该家族逐步进化出营养及其它多种生物学功能.本文从该基因家族成员的鉴定、基因和蛋白质的结构特征、进化、功能以及其表达调控等多个方面进行综述,以期为相关的研究和应用提供帮助.%Major royal jelly proteins are water-soluble protein of royal jelly,which consist of main protein part of royal jelly.Genes of the major royal jelly proteins share similar structure and function,and therefore form a gene family.Nine major royal jelly proteins genes,named mrjp 1-9,have been identified from the family so far.Moreover,the nine genes evolved from a same ancestors,yellow-e3,and formed a monophyletic group.Along with the evolution,the genes of the family gradually evolved nutrition and other a variety of functions.Here we summarized the research advance of the gene family on the following aspects:identification process,structural characteristics,evolution,function and expression regulation and so on,hoping to provide some help for related research and application.
  • 摘要：Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust was identified as the most efficient insect pollinator of oil palm.The mating and oviposition behavior of E.kamerunicus was observed in the laboratory.The results showed that a complete mating of E.kamerunicus involved three stages:before mating,mating and after mating.There were many ejaculations in the whole mating process.The average lasting time for one copulation of E.kamerunicus was 437.33 s,the time for pair-bonding before ejaculation was 22.33 s with each ejaculation of 5.33 s,and the time of post-copulatory guarding was 85.67 s.After the copulation,females bored a hole,and laid one egg each hole.In addition,larval behaviors was also studied,such as feeding and molting.%本文研究了油棕最有效的授粉昆虫油棕象甲Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust的成虫交配、产卵行为,并对交配和产卵过程中发生的多种行为进行了描述.结果表明:油棕象甲一次完整的交配过程可以划分为交配前、交配、交配后三个阶段,在交配过程中雄虫会发生多次插入授精.油棕象甲一次完整的交配过程平均需要437.33 s,其中授精前的抱对时间平均为22.33 s,交配过程中每次授精插入时间平均为5.33 s,配后保护时间平均为85.67 s.油棕象甲的卵为单产,在一朵油棕雄花内一般只产1粒卵,产卵前雌虫用喙在雄花上制造产卵孔,同时用触角辅助完成.观察油棕象甲幼虫取食和蜕皮等行为.
  • 摘要：Mediterranean (MED) cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci is one of most prevalent invasive insect in China.It was proved that MED is an important vector of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV).The probing and feeding behavior between TYLCV-infected and TYLCV-uninfected MED,has been studied with Electrical penetration graph (EPG).In order to find out interaction between TYLCV and B.tabaci,the waves on feeding behavior from tomato leaves have been recorded and compared with each other.The results showed that there is no difference between TYLCV-infected and TYLCV-uninfected MED in probe numbers and percentage of non-probe time from the start of penetration to achieving phloem on tomato.All the time below is average time.The infected whitefly cost 46 min from the beginning of pierce to leaf phloem,and 135 min to 1 st reached phloem,both significantly more than uninfected whitefly (26 min,20 min).During the progress from salivation to first sustained feeding in phloem,the infected and uninfected MED take 9 m and 3 m on the total time of salivation,and 143 min and 26 min on the total time of 1st sustained feeding in phloem.At the last period of feeding behavior,the time from 1st sustained feeding in phloem to the end of feeding on the host plants are 15 min and 4 min between the infected whitefly and uninfected whitefly.It is concluded that the TYLCV-infected obviously used more time than TYLCV-uninfected MED to finish a whole process of the probing and feeding behaviors on tomato leaf in our studies,especially the time of salivary secretion and sustained feeding.It showed that TYLCV could strengthen salivary secretion and sustained feeding of MED,which consequently promoted virus transmission.%为探究番茄黄化曲叶病毒(TYLCV)对烟粉虱刺探取食行为的影响并研究其与烟粉虱之间的互作关系.利用EPG记录了感染TYLCV的MED隐种在番茄寄主上的取食波形,并与未感染TYLCV的MED隐种的取食波形进行了比较研究.结果表明,烟粉虱开始取食行为后,带毒MED和未带毒MED平均刺探次数和非刺吸时间占总取食时间的比例方面没有显著差异.带毒MED从口针刺探开始至到达韧皮部的平均时间为46 min,从记录开始至口针第一次到达韧皮部的平均时间为135 min,未带毒MED相对应的平均时间分别为19 min和25 min,两者结果差异显著;在烟粉虱取食番茄韧皮部阶段,带毒和未带毒MED的唾液分泌总时间分别为9 min、3 min,第一次韧皮部持续吸食平均时间分别为143 min、26 min,带毒MED显著高于未带毒MED.带毒MED在第一次持续吸食至第一次取食结束的平均时间为15 min,显著高于未带毒MED的4 min.综上所述,带毒MED完成整个刺探取食行为的平均时间较未带毒MED显著增加,特别是唾液的分泌时间以及第一次在韧皮部的持续吸食时间.表明,TYLCV能促进MED加强唾液分泌和韧皮部取食,从而促进病毒的传播.
  • 摘要：采用叶面观察和诱捕相结合的方法调查了江西南昌柑橘冠层节肢动物群落.共调查到节肢动物数量144037头,分属25种.其中,高密度种类有2种即柑橘全爪螨和矢尖蚧;常见种类有13种,包括桔小实蝇、柑橘花蕾蛆、柑橘木虱和中华草蛉等;其它为低密度种类.在群落结构指数的变化过程中,分别于5月下旬和9月下旬出现Shannon-Wiener多样性指数极大值和Simpson优势度指数极小值.对高密度种类和部分常见种类的种群动态进行了分析,表明柑橘全爪螨在5月下旬至6月上旬发生严重,矢尖蚧则于7～8月发生严重;柑橘花蕾蛆幼虫和柑橘木虱发生动态相似,均仅于柑橘春梢阶段出现最高密度;桔小实蝇成虫则在9月下旬出现密度高峰;中华草蛉的发生动态与其主要捕食对象一柑橘全爪螨的相似.研究结果初步明确南昌柑橘冠层节肢动物的重要成分及重要类群的时序动态,为该地区柑橘重要害虫的防治与控制,天敌昆虫的保护与利用提供基础信息.%The composition and structure of the arthropod communities in orange orchard were investigated in Nanchang,Jiangxi Province,using the leaf observational method and the trapping technique from April to December 2012.A total of 144037 individuals,belonging to 25 species,were founded in our investigation.Among them,the high density species included with Panonychus citri MeGregor and Unaspis yanonensis (Kuwana),13 kinds of common species including Diaphorina Citri (Kuwayama),Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel,Contarinia citri Barnes,Chrysoperla sinica (Tjeder) and so on,and others were the low density species.During the change of arthropod community indexes,Shannon -Wiener diversity index reached their maximum values,and Simpson dominance index appeared their minimum values in late May and late September,respectively.Subsequently,we described the population dynamics of high density species and some common species.It indicated that P.citri emerged predominantly in late May,but U.yanonensis from July to August.D.citri and C.citri had the similar population dynamics which appeared in the period of spring shoots in Citrus.B.dorsalis adults had the highest density in late September,and the dynamic of C.sinica was partly similar with that of P.citri.Through the study,we described clearly the main species of canopy arthropods on Citrus,and the dynamics of important species,and the results would provide some basic information for the control and prevention of pests,and the protection and utilization of insect enemies in orange orchard of Nanchang,Jiangxi province.
  • 摘要：采用刺吸电波(Electrical penetration graph,EPG)技术和视频观察解析了绿盲蝽在人工饲料模型上的刺吸取食行为与对应的波形关系.共计获得绿盲蝽在食物模型上的4种取食波形:口针刺入、口针搅动、口针上下抽动、口针拔出,未观察到非刺探波形.研究结果可为明确绿盲蝽寄主取食行为机制提供理论参考.%The relationship between sucking behavior of Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dǖr) on artificial diet model and corresponding electrical penetration graph (EPG) waveforms was explored by the EPG tests and video observation.Observations on artificial diet model revealed that four waveforms correlated with feeding behavior:stylet thrusting into artificial diet,movement in any direction away from the stylet insertion point,stylet rapidly and repeatedly protracted into and partially retracted from the artificial diet,and withdrawal of the stylet from the artificial diet.Non-probing waveform was not observed in this experiment.The results mentioned could provide a theoretical basis to clear the host feeding behavior mechanisms of A.lucorum.
  • 摘要：Predatory mites are important biological control agents of herbivorous spider mites,there are many factors that affect bio-control effect of predatory mites.The host plants play an important role in the behavior of predatory mites such as locating of feeding,oviposition behavior,and so on.This article mainly from the point of the chemical ecology,morphology and plant nutrition reviews and analyzes the influences of the volatiles released of healthy plants,mechanical injured plants and prey damaged plants on predatory mite feeding location; the influences of prey host plant morphological structure and prey host pollen grains and juice and other nutrients as predatory mites alternative food on predatory mite,as well as its research trends and prospects.%捕食螨是重要的生物防治因子,影响捕食螨发挥生物防治效果的因素很多,猎物寄主植物在捕食螨的产卵、取食定位等行为活动中起着重要作用.本文主要从化学生态学、形态结构和植物营养的角度综合分析了植物自身释放的挥发物、植物受机械损伤后释放的挥发物和植物受猎物为害后释放的挥发物对捕食螨的取食定位影响,猎物寄主植物形态结构以及猎物寄主植物花粉和汁液等营养物作为捕食螨的替代食物对捕食螨的影响,同时阐述其研究趋势和前景.
  • 摘要：The paper tested the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana MZ050724 to adult and larvae of Gynaikothrips ficorum,the result showed that Beauveria bassiana MZ050724 had evident pathogenic effects to Gynaikothrips ficorum,with the corrected accumulative mortality of the adult being 88.56％,the LC50 value to adult was 2.2417 × 105 fungi? mL-1,the LT50 was 4.52d.the corrected accumulative mortality of the larvae reached 83.46％,the LC50 value to larvae was 2.9441 × 105 fungi? mL-1,the LT5o was 4.85d.These studies suggested Beauveria bassiana MZ050724 being a high Pathogenicity to Gynaikothrips ficorum with good prospect in the future.%利用球孢白僵菌MZ050724菌株对榕母管蓟马Gynaikothrips ficorum成虫和若虫进行致病性测定.结果表明,球孢白僵菌MZ050724菌株对榕母管蓟马有明显的致病效果,成虫的累计校正死亡率最高为88.56％,致死中浓度(LC50)是2.2417×105个/mL,致死中时间(LT50)为4.52d.若虫的累计校正死亡率最高为83.46％,致死中浓度(LC50)2.9441×105个/mL,致死中时间(LT50)最小致死中时间(LT50)是4.85 d.球孢白僵菌MZ050724菌株毒力测定表明具有很高的致病性,具有良好的应用前景.
  • 摘要：The Toxicities of thiamethoxam and nitenpyram of field PoPulations of Nilaparvata lugens St?l,which were collected from Guangzhou District,Guangdong,were carried by the rice stem dipping method.The results showed that the LC50 were 0.2857 mg/L and 0.5022 mg/L,and field populations were susceptible level,the resistance ratio were 2.67 and 1.06.To assess the resistance risk of thiamethoxam and nitenpyram,continuously selected was carried in laboratory.The results showed that the resistance ratio of thiamethoxam increased by 829.80 fold and was extremely high resistance level after 30 generations,and nitenpyram increased by 31.70 fold and was mid-resistance leve.The result showed that continuous selection with thiamethoxam and nitenpyram could further increase the resistance risk.%采用稻茎浸渍法,测定了广州市本地褐飞虱种群对噻虫嗪和烯啶虫胺的室内毒力,评估褐飞虱对其的抗性风险.结果表明:广州本地褐飞虱种群对噻虫嗪和烯啶虫胺的LC50分别为0.2857mg/L和0.5022 mg/L,分别是敏感品系LC50的2.67倍和1.06倍,仍属敏感水平.室内抗性筛选结果表明:经过30代的连续筛选后,噻虫嗪的抗性上升829.80倍,达到极高抗性水平,烯啶虫胺的抗性上升31.70倍,达到中等抗性水平,表明褐飞虱对噻虫嗪和烯啶虫胺存在抗性风险的可能.根据试验结果,对褐飞虱噻虫嗪和烯啶虫胺抗性的预防治理提出了应用策略.
  • 摘要：To find out the characteristics of environmental factors in the plantation of slash pine,Pinus elliottii Engelm.with and without infestation of Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang,this paper uses methods in conventional observation to observe environmental factors.The results showed that the average light intensity on the surface,the average surface temperature,the average temperature at the height of 20 cm,the soil average temperature at depth below 5 cm and the evaporation capacity at the height of 70 cm in the slash pine plantation infested were 374.8 lx、25.4℃、27.1 ℃ 25.5℃、1.6 mm respectively in August,which were 94.8％、7.0％、4.6％、5.9％、27.3％ respectively less than those in that without the weevil's infestation.The relative humidity at the height of 20 cm was 85.5 ％ in the slash pine plantation infested,which was 7.1％ higher than that in the slash plantation without the weevil's infestation.So the light intensity,the surface temperature,the air temperature,the soil temperature and the evaporation capacity were lower,and the relative humidity was higher in the slash pine plantation infested with Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang than those in that without infestation of the weevil.The light intensity,the surface temperature,the air temperature,the soil temperature and the evaporation capacity is an obvious difference in different stand.This four factors are important factors to affect Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang.%为摸清萧氏松茎象Hylobitelus xiaoi zhang受害松林的环境因子特征,应用林地环境因子常规观测方法进行观测,结果表明:8月份受害松林地面平均光照强度、地面温度、距地表20 cm高处温度、5 cm深处土壤温度、70 cm高处蒸发量分别为374.8 lx、25.4℃、27.1℃、25.5℃、1.6 mm,分别比健康松林低94.8％、7.0％、4.6％、5.9％、27.3％,受害松林在距地表20 cm高处空气相对湿度为85.8％,比健康松林高7.1％.由实验得知,萧氏松茎象受害松林的光照强度、地面温度、空气温度、土壤温度、蒸发量均比健康松林低,空气相对湿度比健康松林高,距地表越近,这一差异就越明显.两类林分中的光照强度、空气温度、土壤温度、空气相对湿度4因子均存在明显差异,是影响萧氏松茎象发生的重要因素.
  • 摘要：The antennal morphology,sensillar types,quantity and distribution of both sexes of Adult Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) was investigated with Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM).The results show that antenna of adult C.montrouzieri consists of scape,pedicel,and eight flagellomeres.Seven sensillar types are observed:four types of sensilla basiconicae (s.ba),four types of sensilla chaetica,four types of sensilla trichodea (s.tr),and one type sensilla coeloconica (s.co),one sensilla auriciliica (s.au),cavity-like sensilla (s.cs),and B?hm bristle (s.bm).Sensilla trichodea are the most numerous; sensilla chaetica are the next most abundant.The number of other sensilla types is greatly reduced.On the tip of the 8th flagellomere,various types of sensilla are densely packed,except for s.bm.No remarkable differences are foundin the antennal size,shape,and sensilla types between the male and female of C.montrouzieri.According to the distribution of sensilla and sensilla functions reported in the past,s.tr are presumed to be pheromone receptors in C.montrouzieri,s.ch may function as mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors,s.ba and s.co are postulated as plant volatiles receptors and chemo-,thermo-,or hygroreceptions,respectively,and s.bm may be related to perceiving the antennal position and movement.%本文使用场发射扫描电子显微镜对孟氏隐唇瓢虫Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant雌雄成虫的触角和触角感受器进行了观察和研究,并对触角形态,感受器形态、类型、数量及分布进行了统计和分析.孟氏隐唇瓢虫雌雄成虫触角均由柄节,梗节及8个鞭小节组成.观察到7种触角感受器:四种锥形感受器(s.ba),四种刺形感受器(s.ch),四种毛形感受器(s.tr),一种腔锥形感受器(s.co),一种耳形感受器(s.au),一种腔形感受器(s.cl),一种B?hm氏鬃毛(s.bm).毛形感受器和刺形感受器数量最多,其他类型感受器数量都较少.B?hm氏鬃毛只存在于柄节和梗节.第八鞭小节的顶端感受器种类最丰富,被六种感受器稠密覆盖.雌雄触角大小、感受器类型都没有明显差异.根据感受器的分布和以前的相关报道,推测孟氏隐唇瓢虫的毛形感受器可能是信息素接收者,刺形感受器可能是机械性刺激感受器和化学感受器,锥形感受器和腔锥形感受器可能都是植物挥发物接受者,化学和温湿度感受器,耳形感受器或许承担物理或者嗅觉器官的功能,而B?hm氏鬃毛或许能感知触角的位置和活动.
  • 摘要：Endosymbiont is a kind of intracellular bacteria commonly infected in arthropods including terrestrial and marine animals,vertebrates and invertebrates.These endosymbionts have mutual relationships with their hosts and play important roles in the host development and reproduction,providing essential nutrients under limited diets,manipulating host reproduction,increasing host fitness and so on.Cardinium is a recently discovered,cytoplasmic inherited bacterial endosymbiont belonging to Bacteroidetes.Cardinium can induce reproductive abnormalities in its arthropod hosts,including cytoplasmic incompatibility,parthenogenesis and feminization.Moreover,it can facilitate its distribution and dissemination in different arthropod populations and generations by influencing the fitness of hosts.The distribution,biological and ecological roles of Cardinium in arthropod hosts still need indepth study,In this review,the distribution of Cardinium in arthropod hosts,its spread and detection in insects,its roles in manipulating host reproduction are summarized.Its potential utilization in benefitarthropod protection and pest control was also discussed.%内共生菌是存在于宿主细胞内,与宿主存在互利共生关系的一类细菌.内共生菌在节肢动物的生长和繁殖过程中起着十分重要的作用,包括向宿主提供食物中缺乏的营养物质、调控宿主生殖方式,增强宿主适应性等.Cardinium属于拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes,通过细胞质遗传,具有诱导宿主细胞质不亲和、产雌孤雌生殖、雌性化等生殖异常现象,并且还可影响宿主的适合度,以利于其本身在宿主不同种群和世代间的分布和传播.由于Cardinium是近几年人们新发现的一类新型内共生菌,目前对其在节肢动物宿主体内的分布、其生物学生态学功能等尚不完全明确.本文在综合国内外文献资料的基础上,从Cardinium在节肢动物体内的分布、其在昆虫种群的传播规律及其检测手段、其对节肢动物宿主的生殖调控作用等几个方面进行了综述,并对其应用前景进行了展望,以期引起更多的学者关注该胞内共生菌,推动人们对该内共生菌的研究及利用.
  • 摘要：To explore the field attractive activity of 11 volatiles (Benzyl 4-bromobutyl ether,1,2-dimethylbenzene,3-carene,cis-3-hexenyl acetate,Benzonitrile,α-Farnesene,2H-1-Benzopyran-2-carboxylicacid,3,4-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-,Cedrenol,Linalool,Methyl Salicylate,Farnesol) collected from Erythrina spp.to Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim by field test of different volatiles attractive plate and different colour test,the results show that the Q.erythrinae Kim adult have strong behavioral responses for Benzonitrile,and the trapping number with other compounds have significant difference in the α =0.05 level except with 1,2-dimethylbenzene.The trapping number of female Q.erythrinae Kim adult have significant difference in the α =0.05 level for Benzonitrile except 1,2-dimethylbenzene and 3-carene,howerer,The Benzonitrile and Methyl Salicylate have better attractive activity for male Q.erythrinae Kim adult,and they have have significant difference in the α =0.05 level with other volatiles.Q.erythrinae Kim adult have great positive Tropism for emerald with fluorescence,and the Tropism has significant difference in the α =0.05 level with other colour.%为探明刺桐姬小蜂Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim对寄主植物上11种挥发物(4-溴丁醚苄酯、1,2-二甲苯、3-蒈烯、乙酸叶醇酯、苯甲腈、α-法呢烯、奎诺二甲基丙烯酸酯、柏木烯醇、芳樟醇、水杨酸甲酯、法呢醇)的野外引诱活性,本试验分别通过不同挥发物引诱板及不同颜色引诱板对刺桐姬小蜂进行了野外引诱活性研究,结果表明:苯甲腈的引诱效果最好,除了和l,2-二甲苯差异不显著外,跟其他挥发物的引诱效果差异显著;对雌成虫的引诱作用与1,2-二甲苯、3-蒈烯差异不显著,与其他成分差异显著;对雄成虫的引诱作用苯甲腈和水杨酸甲酯的引诱作用最好,与其他成分均差异显著;在引诱板颜色试验中,刺桐姬小蜂成虫对带荧光的翠绿色具有较强的趋性,该颜色除了和无荧光的黄色差异不显著外,跟其他颜色差异显著.
  • 摘要：Erythrophleum fordii Oliv.(Caesalpiniaceae) is a valuable timber species in tropical and sub-tropical zones of China,and the development of its plantation has been restricted due to serious damage by a kind of borer.Here the species identification of this borer was conducted,and its occurrence was investigated based on a serial of surveys for plantations of E.fordii over years.The borer was identified as Cryptophlebia ombrodelta L.(Tortricidae),which hurts severely terminal young shoot of E.fordii mainly,and resulted in loss of apical dominance.In provenance and family test of E.fordii which was established as pure plantation on a whole slope from lower to upper at Beilingshan State Forest Farm of Zhaoqing City,Guangdong,it was indicated that this borer propagated very fast and spread in pure forest rapidly,and all provenances and families were damaged by it,therefore E.fordii is not suitable for establishment of large-scale pure plantations.According to our survey on the mixed forest modes at Pingxiang City,Guangxi,the rate of pest occurrence decreased much more significantly when E.fordii were mixed with some fast-growing tree species,while it did not differ from pure plantations when mixed with the tree species such as Pinus massoniana with almost the same growth rate as E.fordii.The difference between these two kinds of modes was position of E.fordii in canopy and C.ombrodelta did perhaps not fit shade condition.Therefore mixed plantation with fast-growing tree species could inhibit the occurrence of C.ombrodelta.These findings provide technical supports for healthy development of plantation forestry for E.fordii.%格木Erythrophleum fordii Oliv.是我国热带南亚热带地区一个重要的珍贵用材树种,蛀梢害虫的严重为害长期制约着其人工林的健康发展.基于对格木蛀梢害虫种类的鉴定,以及若干造林模式的虫害调查,初步总结了格木蛀梢害虫的发生规律.格木蛀梢害虫为荔枝异形小卷蛾Cryptophlebia ombrodelta L,主要为害格木未完全木质化的嫩梢,严重影响其干形和长势.从广东格木种源家系试验林虫害发生的时空格局分析,荔枝异型小卷蛾繁殖快,在纯林中扩散迅速,而且所有种源、家系均受害,因此格木不宜营造大片纯林.格木与桉树以及米老排、红锥等速生树种同龄或异龄混交模式中,格木处于林冠下,其受害率明显下降,说明与速生树种混交能够控制荔枝异型小卷蛾的发生与为害;而与生长速度接近的马尾松混交,因二者处于同一林冠层,对虫害控制效果差;这种差异可能与荔枝异型小卷蛾不适应荫蔽环境有关.研究首次明确了格木蛀梢害虫种类,初步摸清其发生规律,并提出了适宜的造林模式,为格木人工林的健康发展提供了科技支撑.
  • 摘要：Aiming at the problem of upper pest of the warehouse to eliminate difficultly,four kinds of propoxur or metolcarb or cypermethrin and trichlorfon pesticide smoke agents are developed about the project team,smoked agents on the insecticidal activity of stored grain insect Rhyzopertha dominica,Sitophilus zeamais prepared were determined.The results show that:the fumigant ignited to produce a large number of white clouds,the effective material is evenly dispersed.The test results show that the smoke agent storage stability,ignition temperature higher than 180 ℃,when the auxiliary fuel (chaff) and oxidant (ammonium nitrate) with mass ratio of 3:1,preparation of the smoke agent combustion stability without fire,The mortality was above 90％ applying 5％ MTMC-trichlorfon and 2.5％ propoxur -cypermethrin in dosage 5 g/m3 of Maize weevil and resistant strain (phosphine resistance,hereinafter the same) or Rhizopertha dominica and resistant strain min was 30.The barn 5％ MTMC-trichtorfon and 2.5％ propoxur-cypermethrin smoke agent at 6.0 g/m3 closed 72 h to the maize weevil and resistant strain,Rhizopertha dominica and resistant strain effect is the mortality was above 90％,dosage of 4.5 g/m3 positive rate of maize weevil and resistant strain effect was more than 90％,the product is safe and reliable,and has a good application prospect.%针对仓库上部害虫难于消灭的问题,本项目组研制了速灭威、残杀威、氯氰菊酯和敌百虫农药的烟剂,测定了4种烟剂对储粮害虫谷蠹、玉米象的杀虫活性.结果表明:烟剂点燃后产生大量白色烟云,均匀分散.烟剂的燃点大于180℃,当助剂中燃料(统糠)和氧化剂(硝酸铵)的质量比为3:1时,配制的烟剂燃烧稳定无明火.5％速灭威-敌百虫、2.5％残杀威-氯氰菊酯在用量为5 g/m3时对玉米象及其抗性品系(磷化氢抗性,下同)、谷蠹及其抗性品系30 min的校正死亡率均在90％以上;粮仓应用5％速灭威-敌百虫、2.5％残杀威-氯氰菊酯烟剂用量在6.0 g/m3时密闭72 h对玉米象及其抗性品系、谷蠹及其抗性品系校正死亡率均在90％以上,用量为4.5 g/m3时对玉米象及其抗性品系校正死亡率均在90％以上.该烟剂储存稳定,安全可靠,具有良好的应用前景.
  • 摘要：In order to survey the difference of sensitivity to insecticides between the two body colour bio -types of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera:Aphididae),the bioassay was conducted in the laboratory,and three detoxifying enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activities of the two colour bio-types were tested.The results showed that the green bio-type was more sensitive to the insecticides than the red bio-type.There was a significant difference in the sensitivity to the imidacloprid between the red bio-type and green bio-type.The LC50 of red bio-type was 23.88 times higher than that of the green bio-type with the value was 679.6648 and 28.4597 mg/L,respectively.The difference of the sensitivity to chlorpyrifos between two body colour bio-types was moderate.The LC50 of red bio-type was 6.35 times higher than that of the green bio-type with the value was 1229.5798 and 193.6816 mg/L,respectively.There was a little difference in the sensitivity to the abamectin between the two body colour bio-types.The LC50 of red bio-type was 1.07 times as much as that of the green bio-type with the value was 31.1678 and 29.0966 mg/L,respectively.The esterase,glutathione-S-transferase and mixed function oxidase specific activity of red bio-type was extraordinarily higher than that of the green bio-type.The esterase,glutathione-S-transferase and mixed function oxidase specific activity of the red bio-type were 3.1,4.1 and 1.5 times as much as that of the green bio-type,respectively,whereas there was no difference in the acetylcholinesterase specific activity between the two body colour bio-types of M.persicae,indicating that the acetylcholinesterase specific activity was not correlate with the sensitivity to the insecticides.%为了明确不同体色生物型桃蚜Myzus persicae(Suizer)对药剂的敏感性差异,本文采用室内生物测定和酶活力测定法检测不同体色生物型桃蚜对杀虫剂的敏感性以及与3种解毒酶和1种靶标酶活力关系.结果表明,红色生物型的敏感性明显低于绿色生物型,其中对吡虫啉的敏感性差异最大,LC50分别为679.6648和28.4597 mg/L,红色为绿色生物型23.88倍;其次为毒死蜱,LC50分别为1229.5798和193.6816 mg/L,红色为绿色生物型6.35倍;两种生物型桃蚜对阿维菌素敏感性差异最小,红、绿色生物型的LC50分别为31.1678和29.0966 mg/L,红色为绿色生物型1.07倍.红色生物型体内3种解毒酶(羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和多功能氧化酶P450)的比活力均高于绿色生物型,红色型羧酸酯酶比活力为绿色型的3.1倍,谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶为4.1倍,多功能氧化酶P450为1.5倍,两种体色生物型3种解毒酶的活力差异均达显著水平.两种体色生物型体内乙酰胆碱酯酶比活力没有差异,说明乙酰胆碱酯酶比活力与敏感性关系不大.
  • 摘要：Glial cells exist throughout the visual system,and play essential roles in various aspects of neural development and function.The organization of visual system in Apis cerana cerana was comparatively studied by using anatomy and histochemical method.The results showed that in the Apis cerana cerana visual system,glial cells were classified into three categories based on the position of their cell bodies,cell morphology:surface-,cortex-,and neuropil-associated glia.In the lamina,glial cells were classified into six categories:marginal glia,epithelial glia,proximal satellite glia,distal satellite glia,pseudocartridge glia and fenestrated glia.It lays an essential foundation for studying glia function in insect brain.%神经胶质作为视觉系统的重要成分之一,对视觉系统的发育及功能起着重要的作用.本研究通过形态解剖和组织化学技术,对中华蜜蜂成虫视觉系统中神经胶质的类型进行了比较研究,研究表明:在中华蜜蜂视觉系统中,根据神经胶质的位置和形态主要分为表面神经胶质、皮层神经胶质、神经纤维网神经胶质3种类型;在视神经节层中,有有孔层神经胶质、类视筒神经胶质、末梢卫星神经胶质和近端卫星神经胶质、上皮神经胶质、边缘神经胶质6种不同类型的神经胶质.本研究为昆虫神经胶质的类型和功能研究提供理论依据.
  • 摘要：2010年7月～2012年10月对南宁市隆安县板栗园的白蚁种类及危害情况进行调查,结果表明:板栗园的白蚁种类隶属2科8属16种,以白蚁科的种类占的比例较大,共有6属14种,种类数占87.5％;鼻白蚁科有2属2种,种类数占12.5％.危害板栗树的白蚁种类有7种,其中小头钩白蚁Ancistrotermes dimorphus、黄翅大白蚁Macrotermes barneyi、土垄大白蚁Macrotermes annandalei和黑翅土白蚁Odontotermes formosanus是危害板栗树的主要种类;平形土白蚁Odontotermes parallelus、细齿大白蚁Macrotermes denticulatus、平头大白蚁Macrotermes planicapitatus、梅多大白蚁Macrotermes meidoensis、方头亮白蚁Euhamitermes quadratceps、扬子江近扭白蚁Pericapritermes jangtsekiangensis、五指山近扭白蚁Pericapritermes Wuzhishanensis、合浦近扭白蚁Pericapritermes hepuensis和中华钩扭白蚁Pseudocapritermes sinensis等9种白蚁在板栗园中有分布,但不危害板栗树,其中梅多大白蚁及五指山近扭白蚁2个种属广西新记录种.板栗树受白蚁为害较严重的阶段主要在老龄时期,老龄板栗树的受害株率达到92.65％,严重受害株率达到79.18％.%A survey of termite species and their damage to chestnut tree was contucted in Longan County,Nanning during July 2010 and October 2012.The results show that 16 species of termites in 8 genera under two families were found to be in chestnut forest.Aamong of the species,14 species,6 genera are belong to Termitidae which made up 87.5％ of the total species,and 2 species,2 genera belong family Rhinotermitidae which made up 12.5％.Among of the harmful termite species,Ancistrotermes dimorphus、Macrotermes barneyi、Macrotermes annandalei and Odontotermes formosanus were most damaging.Odontotermes parallelus,Macrotermes denticulatus,Macrotermes planicapitatus,Macrotermes meidoensis,Euhamitermes quadratceps,Pericapritermes jangtsekiangensis,Pericapritermes wuzhishanensis,Pericapritermes hepuensis and Pseudocapritermes sinensis were found in the chestnut forests,but were unharmful to the chestnut trees,of which Macrotermes meidoensis and Pericapritermes uuzhishanensis were identified as new record species in Guangxi.The aging period of the chestnut trees were the main period damaged by termites,of which the infestation rate on aging period of chestnut trees was 92.65％,and the seriously infestation rate was 79.18％.
  • 摘要：In order to control ramie pests and make clear the main light trapping insects and flapping lamp population dynamics in ramie field,trapping experiments by frequoscillation pest-killing lamp in Xianning area were conducted from April to September,2012.The results indicated that 19 species of pests belong to 9 families,4 orders were trapped by frequoscillation pest-killing lamp in ramie field,mainly species were under-ground pests,they were Scarabs,Elateroidea,Cerambycidae,Gryllotalpidae,Tenebrionidae,Cutworms,mainly groups was Scarabs.Among Scarabs there were Holotrichia oblita,Anomala corpulenta,Maladera orientalis,Adoretus tenuimaculatus,Metabolus tumidifrons,Holotrichia parallcla.Scarabs were trapped from mid-April to early September,the emergence peak was from June to July.The main species of natural enemy insects were Carabidae,Staphilinidae,Coccinellidae and Parasitoid wasp.Tapping number of other 3 groups was relatively small except Carabidae,the emergence peak of Carabidae was from late April to early May.The best time of turning on light was June to July,during this period,underground-pests as scarabs trapped by frequoscillation pest-killing lamp is in large quantities,variety,and avoid killing natural enemy insects in large number; it would be more promising prospects for commercial production in ramie pests forecast and control.%为了科学利用频振式杀虫灯防治苎麻Boehmeria nivea (Linn.) Gaudich.害虫,明确苎麻田主要灯诱昆虫种类及其灯下诱集动态,于2012年4月～9月在湖北省咸宁地区进行了苎麻田频振式杀虫灯诱虫试验.结果表明:频振式杀虫灯在苎麻田诱杀害虫4目9科19种,地下害虫种类较多,主要包括金龟子、叩甲、天牛、蝼蛄、拟步甲和地老虎等6类.地下害虫又以金龟子为主,主要有华北大黑鳃金龟、铜绿丽金龟、黑绒鳃金龟、斑喙丽金龟、鲜黄鳃金龟、暗黑鳃金龟等6种.金龟子从4月中旬至9月初均灯下可见,以6～7月为诱集高峰期.主要诱集天敌昆虫为步甲、隐翅甲、寄生蜂和瓢虫等4类,除步甲外,其它3类诱集量相对较小,步甲诱集高峰期为4月下旬至5月上旬.频振式杀虫灯最佳使用时间为6～7月,在此期间诱杀苎麻田金龟子类地下害虫数量大、种类多,且避免大量杀伤天敌昆虫.频振式杀虫灯在苎麻田金龟子类地下害虫预测预报和防治中具有较好的推广应用前景.
  • 摘要：黄龙病是世界柑桔产业的一种毁灭性病害,亚洲柑桔木虱Diaphorina citri Kuwayama为黄龙病亚洲种和美洲种的媒介昆虫,其成虫和高龄若虫都能传病.本文研究亚洲柑桔木虱若虫在感染黄龙病及健康寄主上的转移和扩散规律,发现3龄及3龄以上若虫在柑桔植株垂直和水平位置的嫩梢之间转移现象十分明显,但在黄龙病植株上转移速度较健康植株慢,且嫩梢间的转移速度受虫口密度的影响,密度越高转移速度越快.在有选择的条件下,水平位置转移过程中若虫更趋向黄龙病植株.此外,在健康寄主上的木虱若虫有明显向植株下部转移的现象,向下部转移的若虫个体数显著高于黄龙病寄主.本文明确了木虱若虫的扩散规律和寄主感染黄龙病对其转移和扩散产生的影响,为柑桔木虱和黄龙病防治提供参考.
  • 摘要：本文研究了天牛科3亚科9族20种的染色体核型.在所研究的20种天牛核型中,染色体以10对为主,其性染色体决定机制以Xyp为主.这种性别决定机制被认为是最原始的形式.Xyp,是大X染色体和小y染色体形成的降落伞状(parachute-like)的二价体.在细胞减数分裂中,雄性细胞呈现单倍体数目.研究发现,20种染色体中1/2种类其雄性单倍体数目为10,并且由Xyp型性染色体的性别决定机制.生物活细胞在24 h内均能制作成核型玻片.由于不同生物种类间的核型差异显著,本文对应用核型检测方法检测和鉴定有害生物的可行性进行探讨.
  • 摘要：昆虫的生长发育、抗饥饿和资源再获取能力对其生存、生殖和性选择非常重要.本文研究了营养质量对赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)生长发育、抗饥饿和资源再获取能力的影响.结果表明,三个营养处理下雄性赤拟谷盗的生长发育性状(幼虫重、发育历期、蛹重和成虫重)均存在显著性差异,在高营养质量下生长的雄性赤拟谷盗发育更快,体重更大,且各生长发育性状间存在显著性相关.营养质量对雄性赤拟谷盗成虫的抗饥饿能力没有显著影响,但对其资源再获取能力有显著影响,表现为在高营养质量下生长的雄性赤拟谷盗成虫比在低营养质量下生长的具有更高的资源再获取能力.雄性赤拟谷盗抗饥饿能力和资源再获取能力之间存在显著性相关,但是雄性赤拟谷盗抗饥饿能力和资源再获取能力除了与发育历期存在显著性相关外,与其它生长发育性状不存在显著性相关.本文还对这些实验结果的性选择意义进行了讨论.
  • 摘要：应用扫描电镜(SEM)对桔小实蝇本地寄生蜂长尾全裂茧蜂Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead)成虫的触角感器进行观察.结果表明:长尾全裂茧蜂成虫触角由柄节、梗节和鞭节组成,鞭节共49-52小节.在触角上共有8种感器,分别为B(o)hm鬃毛、毛形感器、刺形感器、锥形感器、板形感器、腔锥形感器、钟形感器、嗅孔.毛型感器是主要感器,数量多且分布广,其次为板形感器.除了腔锥形感器Ⅱ外,雌雄蜂没有明显的二型现象.
  • 摘要：通过对我国已记载的35种齿甲属昆虫进行区系分析,基本明确了该属昆虫的物种多样性及地理分布格局,指出了中国齿甲属昆虫的区系特殊性,并推断其可能与以下三个方面有关,即1)齿甲属昆虫区系起源的特殊性;2)该属昆虫的分布中心和分化中心可能位于东洋区和澳洲区;3)该属昆虫在我国的集中分布地为华南区和华中区.
  • 摘要：《国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志》现已开通远程稿件处理系统,欢迎广大作者、审稿专家通过此系统进行投稿、查稿、审稿。
  • 摘要：采用无底样框法对四子王旗荒漠草原不同放牧强度下的蝗虫群落进行了取样调查,比较了不同放牧强度下荒漠草原蝗虫群落的丰富度、多样性和均匀度指数及群落中蝗虫种类和数量随季节的动态变化,并对蝗虫种群分布与植物群落特征进行了相关性分析.结果表明,在不同放牧强度下蝗虫的群落结构及时间动态均存在一定差异,说明放牧活动对蝗虫群落结构有明显影响,其中,轻度放牧和重度放牧样地中蝗虫种群总数显著高于其他样地.不同种类的蝗虫群落与放牧强度之间关系表现复杂.
  • 摘要：2004 ～ 2012年,对湖南高望界国家级自然保护区的天蛾科昆虫进行了调查,采集到标本450号.初步鉴定出5亚科26属44种和亚种,其中包括湖南省7个新记录种及亚种(齿翅三线天蛾Polyptychus dentatus、菩提六点天蛾Marumba jankowskii、西昌榆绿天蛾Callambulyx tatarinovi sichangensis、曲线蓝目天蛾Smerinthus litulinea、黄颈木蜂天蛾Sataspes tagalica collaris、茜草白腰天蛾Deilephila hypothous和斑腹长喙天蛾Macroglossum variegatum).区系成分以东洋界种类为主,占54.5％,广布种与古北界种分别占36.4％和9.1％.
  • 摘要：探索利用稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée)卷叶有虫率估测化蛹率的方法和途径.本文基于稻纵卷叶螟化蛹进度的田间调查数据,用化蛹率(y)和卷叶有虫率(x)分别拟合直线函数、一元二次函数、一元三次函数、对数函数、指数函数和幂函数6种不同模型.结果表明,以一元三次函数方法估计精度最高,误差最小,应用效果最好,并根据最优数学模型建立化蛹率(y)与卷叶有虫率(x)的关系速查表.生产中可以应用拟合的最优数学模型对田间稻纵卷叶螟化蛹进度进行监测.
  • 摘要：以紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa (L.)、冷蒿Artemisia frigida Willd.Sp.Pl.以及二者1∶1混合饲喂意大利蝗Calliptamus italicus (L.)一龄蝗蝻,冷蒿饲喂不能完成其生活史,两种食料混合饲喂的发育进度要快于紫花苜蓿饲喂的个体.以三种食料分别饲喂意大利蝗成虫,研究其生长及生殖力的变化,结果表明:与取食紫花苜蓿和取食混合食料相比,取食冷蒿抑制了意大利蝗成虫体长、体重、雌雄成虫寿命、交配率和单雌产卵量,导致交配期提前,雌虫死亡率升高,而对卵囊内卵粒数无影响.与取食紫花苜蓿相比,取食混合食料促进了卵囊内卵粒数的增加,其余指标没有显著变化.这些结果表明两种牧草的隔离种植对减轻意大利蝗为害是十分必要的.

    环境昆虫学报的期刊信息

    • 曾用名：昆虫天敌
    • 创刊时间：1979
    • 地区：CN
    • 语言：中文
    • 热门主题：广东省昆虫学会;中国昆虫学会
    • 学科分类： 植物保护;

    环境昆虫学报的获奖情况

    环境昆虫学报的收录情况

    • • 北大核心期刊（2008版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2011版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2014版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2017版）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2011-2012）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2013-2014）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2015-2016）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2017-2018）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2019-2020）
    • • 日本科学技术振兴机构数据库
    • • 中国科技核心期刊

    环境昆虫学报的投稿信息

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