基于临床决策的经皮气管切开技术应用解剖考量

摘要

Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT ) has almost replaced conventional surgical tracheostomy in the intensive care unit (ICU ) . It remains a frequently performed procedure in the ICU ,and is safer and cheaper than conventional surgical tracheostomy .However ,there is great variability in the course of blood vessels in the pre‐tracheal area .We conducted a systematic review of anatomy of PDT ,and could theoretically help minimize risk of complications during PDT and perhaps reduce time taken to perform PDT .%经皮气管切开技术是近年来发展起来的气管切开微创技术，具有操作简单、手术时间短、微创和并发症少等特点，目前在IC U几乎已取代传统的气管切开手术。然而，在一些特殊患者（如肥胖），可能存在较大的解剖变异，对经皮气管切开技术应用解剖特点进行探讨，充分利用现有的器械和技术，优化并发症防治对策，有助于临床决策中减少并发症、缩短手术时间和学习曲线。