赴黎巴嫩维和军人心理健康状况与相关影响因素分析

摘要

目的 探讨我国赴黎巴嫩维和军人心理健康状况及相关影响因素,为维和军人心理健康教育提供科学依据.方法 应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、自我和谐量表(SCCS)、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、应对方式问卷、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及相关因素问卷组成调查表,采用整群抽样法,对181名赴黎巴嫩维和军人在执行维和任务第4个月时进行团体心理测验.结果 (1)SCL-90总分及各因子分均显著低于中国军人常模(P<0.05或P<0.01);应对方式中解决问题、求助因子分显著高于国内军人常模(P<0.01),而自责、幻想、退避因子分均显著低于军人常模(P<0.05或P<0.01),合理化因子分与常模比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).SCCS总分及各因子分均显著低于中国军人SCCS常模(P<0.05或P<0.01).(2)SCL-90总分及各因子分与状态、特质因子分呈显著正相关;与不成熟及混合性应对方式(自责、幻想、退避、合理化)呈显著正相关,与成熟应对方式(解决问题、求助)无显著相关性.(3)多元线性逐步回归分析显示,影响SCL-90总分的主要因素依次为:特质焦虑、情绪稳定性、自我刻板性.3个变量的决定系数R2=0.46(F=19.70,P＜0.01).结论 维和军人整体心理健康状况良好;减少不成熟应对方式,保持适度可控焦虑水平,有利于进一步提高维和军人自我和谐度及心理健康水平.%Objective investigate the mental health of Chinese peacekeeping forces in Lebanon and the influencing factors, and to provide scientific data for the psychological health education of peacekeeping forces. Methods The questionnaires included symptom checklist ( SCL - 90 ), self - consistency and congruence scale ( SCCS ), state - trait anxiety inventory ( STAI ), coping style questionnaire, Eysenck personality questionnaire ( EPQ), and related factor questionnaire. 181 Chinese peacekeeping soldiers in Lebanon were selected by the cluster sampling method and received the collective psychological test in the fourth month of their task. Results ( 1 ) The SCL - 90 total score and factor scores were significantly lower than those of the Chinese soldier norm ( P < 0. 05 or P <0. 01 ). In the aspect of coping style, the scores of solving problem and asking for help were significantly higher than those of the domestic soldier norm ( P <0. 01 ). And factor scores of self -blame, fantasy, and avoidance were significantly lower than those of the domestic soldier norm ( P <0. 01 ). There was no significant difference in the factor score of rationalization between those soldiers and the norm ( P >0. 05 ). The SCCS total score and factor scores were all significantly lower than those of the Chinese soldier SCCS norm ( P <0. 01 or P <0. 05 ). (2) SCL - 90 total score and factor scores had significant positive correlation with the factor scores of state and trait and immature and mixed coping styles ( self - blame, fantasy, avoidance, rationalization ). But those scores had no significant correlation with the mature coping style ( solving the problem and asking for help ). ( 3 ) Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the SCL - 90 total score were as follows: trait anxiety, emotional stability, and self -stereotype. The coefficient of determination for the three variables R =0. 46 ( F = 19. 70, P < 0. 01 ). Conclusion Generally the mental health status of the peacekeeping forces in Lebanon is good. Reducing immature coping styles and keeping an appropriate controllable level of anxiety are beneficial to the improvement of self - consistency and congruence degree and the level of mental health among peacekeepers.