垂体促甲状腺激素分泌瘤临床特点的比较分析

摘要

目的 比较分析垂体促甲状腺激素(TSH)分泌瘤的临床特点.方法 回顾性比较解放军总医院2006年2月-2016年10月与上海华山医院2006年4月-2013年4月分别收治的26例和20例TSH分泌瘤患者的一般资料、临床特点、实验室检查、影像学表现和病理结果 .结果 解放军总医院患者中女性略多于华山医院[57.7%(15/26)vs.45.0%(9/20)],两组诊断时年龄相当[39.5±14.1(18~67)岁vs.40.0±14.5(17~74)岁].患者就诊的首要原因均为甲状腺毒症[73.1%(19/26)vs.55.0%(11/20)],轻中度甲状腺肿是最常见体征.解放军总医院和华山医院患者血清TSH水平分别为5.06(2.97~6.27)mU/L和6.16(3.76-10.91)mU/L,TSH水平正常者以解放军总医院多见[57.7%(15/26)vs.40.0%(8/20)],华山医院则以TSH水平升高者多见.解放军总医院患者中微腺瘤相对多见[34.6%(9/26)vs.20.0%(4/20)],华山医院则以巨大腺瘤多见[20.0%(4/20)vs.7.7%(2/26)];两组微腺瘤均多见于女性,分别为66.7%(6/9)和75.0%(3/4),巨大腺瘤则均为男性.大腺瘤常常向周围组织和结构侵袭.两组患者奥曲肽抑制试验中24h时TSH抑制率范围相当,分别为37.4%~91.8%和46.5%~94.1%.两组所有经病理证实的患者中混合瘤少见.解放军总医院8例行免疫组化检查者中3例TSH阴性,12例行奥曲肽扫描者中2例阴性.结论 两家医院TSH分泌瘤患者临床上既有共性,也存在明显差异.总体上,国内TSH分泌瘤发病无明显性别差异,诊断时年龄明显小于国外资料;微腺瘤多见于女性,巨大腺瘤男性多见;血清TSH水平可正常,免疫组化TSH染色和奥曲肽扫描可阴性.%Objective To comparatively analyze the clinical characteristics of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSH-omas).Methods The clinical features, laboratory variables, imaging and pathological Results were retrospectively compared and analyzed of 26 cases with TSH-omas admitted in Chinese PLA General Hospital from Feb. 2006 to Oct. 2016 and 20 cases with TSH-omas admitted in Shanghai Huashan Hospital from Apr. 2006 to Apr. 2013.Results The female ratio was slightly higher in patients of Chinese PLA General Hospital than in Huashan Hospital [(57.7%(15/26)vs. 45.0%(9/20)], while the mean age was similar [39.5±14.1(18-67 years)vs. 40.0±14.5(17-74 years)]. The most common chief complaint was thyrotoxicosis [73.1%(19/26)vs. 55.0%(11/20)], and mild-to-moderate goiter was the most common symptom. The mean serum TSH levels in Chinese PLA General Hospital and in Huashan Hospital were 5.06(2.97-6.27)mU/L and 6.16(3.76-10.91)mU/L respectively, and patients with normal serum TSH levels were more common in Chinese PLA General Hospital than in Huashan Hospital [57.7%(15/26)vs. 40.0%(8/20)]. Microadenoma was more common in Chinese PLA General Hospital than in Huashan Hospital [34.62%(9/26)vs. 20.0%(4/20)], while macroadenoma was more common in Huashan Hospital than in Chinese PLA General Hospital [20.0%(4/20)vs. 7.7%(2/26)]. Microadenoma was more common in female patients of the both groups [66.7%(6/9)vs. 75.0%(3/4)], while macroadenoma was all found in male patients. Tumor invasion of surrounding tissue and structure was often found in macroadenoma. In terms of octreotide inhibition test, the range of 24h TSH inhibition rate was roughly the same in the two groups (37.4%-91.8% and 46.5%-94.1%, respectively). Mixed adenoma was rare among all the pathologically confirmed cases. In Chinese PLA General Hospitals, TSH immunoreactive negative neoplastic cells were found in 3 of 8 cases, and octreotide scanning showed negative in 2 of 12 cases.Conclusions Patients with TSH-omas in the two hospitals show similarities but also some significant differences in the clinical features. Overall, the domestic patients with TSH-omas are diagnosed without gender difference according to the reports in China. The mean age at diagnosis is significantly younger than that in foreign data. Microadenoma is more common in females, while macroadenoma is more common in males. Serum TSH levels can be normal in patients with TSH-omas. Immunostaining and/or octreotide scanning for TSH can be negative.