心理护理联合运动疗法在维持性透析患者营养不良中的应用

摘要

Objective: To explore the effect of psychological nursing, diet nursing and exercise therapy on hemodialysis patients with malnutrition.Method: In our hospital from 2013 February to 2014 February, 90 maintenance hemodialysis patient’s clinical data were analyzed retrospectively, and all cases were randomly divided into the experiment group, the observation group, and the control group, 30 cases in each group, three groups patients were given dialysis three times a week, every 4 hours. The control group used diet nursing therapy, the observation group received psychological nursing and diet nursing therapy, test group was treated with psychological nursing, diet nursing care plus exercise therapy. To observe and record the nutritional indexes of the three groups (including serum albumin, body mass index, deltoid skinfold thickness, subjective comprehensive evaluation).Result: The serum albumin, the experimental group BMI, deltoid skinfold thickness, the competent comprehensive assessment (SGA) were significantly higher in patients with malnutrition, improve significantly, could significantly improve the life quality, there was significant difference between the three groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: Psychological nursing, diet nursing care plus exercise therapy can significantly improve the nutritional indexes in dialysis patients, reduce the mortality, improve the quality of life, the method of safety, efficacy significantly.%目的：探讨心理护理、饮食护理以及运动疗法对维持性透析患者营养不良的影响。方法：选择本院2013年2月-2014年2月收治的维持性透析患者90例，对临床资料进行回顾性分析，将全部病例随机数字表法分为试验组、观察组和对照组三组，每组30例，三组患者均给予每周3次透析，每次4小时。对照组采用饮食护理疗法，观察组采用心理护理加饮食护理疗法，试验组采用心理护理、饮食护理加运动疗法。观察记录三组患者的营养指标（包括血清白蛋白、体重指数、三角肌皮褶厚度、主观综合性评估）。结果：试验组血清白蛋白、体重指数、三角肌皮褶厚度、主管综合性评估（SGA）均有明显升高，患者营养不良改善明显，生活质量改善明显，三组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：心理护理、饮食护理加运动疗法能明显改善透析患者的各项营养指标，有效降低死亡率，提高生存质量，方法安全，疗效显著。