强化母乳对出院后早产儿生长发育的影响研究

摘要

目的：探讨强化母乳对早产儿在出院后体格发育、神经运动发育及免疫发育情况的远期影响。方法：根据喂养情况，将160例32周≤胎龄≤36周，出生体重≤1800g的早产儿随机分为试验组（E组）与对照组（C组），每组80例。E组给予母乳喂养的同时添加母乳强化剂，C组给予配方奶粉喂养。将两组早产儿在纠正胎龄1、3、6、12个月时的体格发育、神经运动发育及免疫发育的相关指标进行比较。结果：E组头围、身长和体重的增长速率高于C组，E组免疫发育和神经运动发育优于C组，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：强化母乳喂养能够较好的促进的早产儿的长期生长发育，有利于早产儿出院后的追赶性生长，是早产儿出院后营养支持的首选。%Objective:To investigate the long-term effect of human milk fortifier on physical,neuromotor and immune development of premature infants.Method:160 premature infants were randomly divided into experimental group (Group-E) and control group (Group-C),80 cases in each group.The Group-E was fed maternal breast milk combined with human milk fortifier.The Group-C was given premature infant formula milk powder. The related indicators of physical,neuromotor and immune development were detected in corrected gestational age 1,3,6 and 12 months.Result:The growth rate of head circumference, height and weight growth in the Group-E were higher than Group-C,the immune and neural motor development in the Group-E were better than Group-C,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Premature infants fed with fortified human milk can promote the long-term growth,it can be used as the preferred way of feeding in premature infants after post-discharge.