西安市三级医院肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠及影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To understand the status of occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From December 2017 to February 2018, 432 nurses of tumor surgery in five grade III hospitals in Xi'an were selected by random sampling and investigated with Maslach's Job Burnout scale.Results The detectable rate of occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses was 72.68％, of which mild burnout accounted for 37.92％, moderate burnout 42.28％ and severe burnout 19.80％.In the three dimensions of job burnout, the scores of emotional exhaustion (27.42±12.99) , depersonalization (8.12±7.94) and low personal accomplishment (30.2±11.71) were highly burnout and higher than the domestic norm, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05) .Multivariate regression analysis showed that age and long-term night shift affected job burnout of nurses.Conclusion The occupational burnout of tumor surgical nurses is on the middle and high level.Hospital administrators should pay attention to the improvement of night shift work mode and age level training to strengthen nurses to reduce the occurrence of job burnout and improve job satisfaction.%目的 了解肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠现状, 分析其影响因素.方法 2017年12月～2018年2月采用随机抽样方法抽取西安市五所三级医院肿瘤外科432名护士进行调查, 采用Maslach编制的职业倦怠感量表进行调查.结果 肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠检出率为72.68％, 其中轻度倦怠占37.92％, 中度倦怠占42.28％, 重度倦怠占19.80％.职业倦怠三个维度中, 情感耗竭得分 (27.42±12.99) 分, 去人格化得分 (8.12±7.94) 分, 低个人成就感分得 (30.2±11.71) 分, 均属于高度倦怠, 且分别高于国内常模, 差异具有统计学意义 (P＜0.05) .多因素回归显示:年龄、长期轮值夜班影响护士的职业倦怠.结论 肿瘤外科护士职业倦怠感处于中等偏高水平, 医院管理者应引起重视, 通过改善夜班工作模式, 年龄层级培养加强护士降低职业倦怠感的发生, 提高工作满意度.