阵列型空气轴承多节流器空间耦合特性研究

摘要

For the complicated turbulent flow in the air film of air bearings , there is no analytical method to solve the Reynold equations. With the numerical method that uses the Fluent software＇s 3D standard turbulent viscosity κ-εmodel, we analyze the performance of the aerostatic plane bearing with 4 ×4 orifice array and obtain its key pa- rameters such as load capacity, mass flux, pressure distribution and velocity distribution of the coupling air film. The simulation results reveal the air film＇s pressure distribution in the orifice array： the more orifice units produce the stronger pressure coupling, and the larger the pressure value is; the coupling of the orifices in the array can be obtained from the accumulative distribution of the pressure and velocity of the air film. The effectiveness of the sim- ulation results are verified by the physical model test. The exploration results are useful for optimizing the design of air bearings and identifying the analytical model of air film＇s pressure distribution in an orifice array.%对于空气轴承中气膜的复杂湍流运动，无法直接用解析法求解其雷诺方程。基于Fluent的3D标准κ-ε粘性湍流两方程模型，用数值方法分析了静压平面空气轴承节流器4×4阵列，得到了多节流器耦合后的阵列气膜承载力、质量流量等关键参数。仿真结果揭示了节流器单元的气膜压强分布规律：与节流器单元耦合的单元个数越多，气膜压强耦合越强，且压强数值越大；从气膜压强和速度的累积分布可得到多节流器之间的耦合关系。通过实物模型的测试验证了仿真结果的有效性。结果可用于空气轴承优化设计和阵列气膜压强分布的解析模型辨识。