基于社会交换理论的绩效评估导向对知识共享影响研究

摘要

Theorists have been concerned about how to promote knowledge sharing of knowledge workers. Based on social exchange theory, the present research examines the influence of performance appraisal orientation on knowledge sharing behavior and the mediating roles of social exchange and economic exchange. Results from a survey of 331 knowledge workers in China show that developmental performance appraisal is positively related to employee perceptions of social exchange and knowledge sharing behavior, and perceptions of social exchange mediate the relationship between developmental performance appraisal and knowledge sharing. Evaluative performance appraisal is negatively related to perceptions of economic exchange and knowledge sharing behavior. The results will further enrich the researches about the factors that impact knowledge sharing and shed light on the practice of promoting knowledge sharing.%如何增强知识员工的知识共享行为是理论界一直关注的话题。本文基于社会交换理论．探讨了绩效评估导向对知识共享的影响．以及社会交换和经济交换的中介作用。通过对我国331名知识员工的调查发现，发展导向的绩效评估对员工的社会交换感知有显著的正向作用，评价导向的绩效评估对员工的经济交换感知有显著的正向作用。同时，发展导向的绩效评估会正向影响员工的知识共享行为，进一步研究表明员工感知的社会交换会在两者之间起完全中介作用：评价导向的绩效评估会负向影响员工的知识共享行为。该结果能进一步丰富知识共享影响因素的研究，对促进知识员工的知识共享行为也有一定的实践启示。