中国创新研究群体合作网络的形成与演化机理研究——科学共同体视阈下优秀创新群体案例分析

摘要

创新研究群体在运行中部分团队存在“结构失范”与“合作低效”的问题.理解与解决此类问题的出发点是,打开创新研究群体合作网络的“黑箱”,从静态结构层面与动态演化层面揭示其演化的过程与机理.基于自发秩序下科学共同体视阈,将具有中国特色的高水平基础研究科技创新团队——创新研究群体的合作网络视作一类特殊的变化的科学共同体,将其演化过程归纳为“三个阶段、两个转折点”:首先是“无形学院”阶段——经过“立项转折点”后进入“科研创新项目团队”阶段——经过“变异转折点”后跃迁进入“混合型学术共同体”阶段;创新研究群体由具备合作基础的松散自发学术群体,转化为正规的边界明晰的项目团队,最后以群体为基础深化与扩展成“混合型学术共同体”,经历了一个“模糊——明晰——扩展”的合作网络演化过程;结合团队生命周期等组织管理理论,通过对创新研究群体网络演化机理的分析,以及某优秀创新群体的探索性案例分析,初步打开其合作与发展的“黑箱”,从组织形态演化角度拆解其重要节点与阶段划分,对于创新群体的问题解决与发展治理,有着重要的意义.%"Structural anomie" and "inefficient cooperation" are two problems confronting some teams in the operation of Creative Research Group.The starting point of understanding and solving these problems is to open the "black box" of Creative Research Group cooperation network,and reveal its evolution process and mechanism from the static structure level and the dynamic evolution level.Based on the scientific community under the spontaneous order,the cooperation network of Creative Research Group which is high level basic research and scientific and technological innovation team with Chinese characteristics is regarded as a special kind of scientific community,and its evolution process is summarized as "three stages and two turning points":the first is the stage of "invisible college"——after the "turning point of project approval" to enter into the stage of "scientific innovation team"——after the "turning point of transition" to enter into the stage of "mixed academic community";Creative Research Group translates into the regular project team which has clear boundaries,from loose and spontaneous academic group which has cooperation basis,and finally,based on community the group deepens and expands into the "mixed academic community",and experiences an cooperation network evolution process of "fuzzy——clear— extended";combined with the theory of team life-cycle and other organization and management theories,and through the analysis of the evolution mechanism of the group network and the exploratory case analysis of an excellent group,the "black box" of cooperation and development is initially opened,and the important nodes and stage divisions are dismantled from the perspective of organizational evolution,which has important significance for problem solving,reasonable development and effective governance of Creative Research Group.