The reflectied characteristics of the target surface is described by the echo power equation which is established in this pa-per. The laser detection transmitting and receiving system prototypes are designed. A test platform is built by 905nm pulse laser. The echo power experiment is made on the different rough surfaces, and the reliability of the prototypes is verified by measuring the echo amplitude changes. The experimental results, prototypes and decision threshold value can be provided for the reference of the de-sign of short-range detection laser system only.%建立了激光近程探测回波功率方程描述目标表面的反射特性,制备了激光探测发射和接收系统样件,并利用905nm脉冲激光搭建实验测试平台,开展不同粗糙表面回波功率实验,通过回波电压幅值变化规律,验证了样件的可靠性,实验样件及结果可为激光近程探测、激光系统设计及判别阈值取值提供参考。
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