不同黏度等级润滑油的替代使用对发动机性能的影响

摘要

采用柴油发动机外特性、负荷特性、稳定性台架试验,研究SAE15W-40、SAEOW-30和SAE5W-30三种黏度等级的发动机油对柴油发动机动力性、经济性和稳定性的影响,考察不同黏度等级之间润滑油相互代用的可行性.结果表明:使用SAE15W-40级润滑油时,发动机具有较高的功率和扭矩,但油耗率高于使用SAEOW-30和5W-30级润滑油时;使用SAE15W-40润滑油时发动机具有最好的加速性能,使用SAEOW-30润滑油时次之,而使用SAESW-30润滑油时发动机的加速比较缓和;使用三种黏度等级润滑油时发动机工作条件稳定,表明在战时或紧急情况下,不同黏度等级的润滑油之间进行互相代用是可行的.%Diesel engine bench tests were performed to study the effects of the engine oils with SAE15W-40, SAEOW-30 and SAE5W-30 viscosity grades on power performance, economical performance and stability of diesel engine and investigate the feasibility for replacing lubricating oil with same viscosity grade.The results show that the engine lubricated by SAE15W-40 grade oil has the highest power and torque compared with by SAEOW-30 and 5W-30 grade oil,but the engine fuel consumption is the highest.The engine lubricated by SAE15W-40 grade oil has the best acceleration performance ,followed by SAEOW-30 grade oil.The engines lubricated by three lubricating oils have stable working condition, so it is feasible to replace lubricating oils with different viscosity in war or critical situation.