从到顶义述宾短语到极性义程度副词*--以“之极、至极”和“之至、之致”为例

摘要

The causality and mechanism of the adverbialization of verb-obj ect phrases consist of syntactic critical environments,disyllabic prosodic features,complementary semantic basis and met-onymical extension mechanisms.The process of adverbialization of the verb-obj ect phrase from the pre-Qin period to modern times has experienced the development from solidification of the verb-obj ect phrase to the meaning of degree.Since the early modern times,the fossilized verb-obj ect phrases have gradually developed to a series of adverbs denoting extremity.The forms and functions of the expres-sion of these adverbs cover four aspects including the four-word structures,degree of absoluteness of extremity,modality of the subj ective emphasis,harmony of intussusceptions.%述宾短语副词化发展的动因与机制，包括句法临界环境、双音韵律特征、互补语义基础和转喻引申机制。述宾短语副词化的进程，从先秦到近代，经历了由述宾短语凝固进而程度化的发展历程。从近代一直到现、当代，最终从固化短语逐渐虚化成了一系列极性程度副词。其副词化表达的方式与功用，涉及到构式化的四字构造、极性化的绝对程度、情态化的#观强调、和谐化的连用套叠等四个方面。