单孔孔板水力空化器结构参数的数值分析

摘要

为了预测单孔孔板水力空化器结构参数对水力空化效果的影响,基于流体计算软件Fluent,采用λ-ε双方程湍流模型,针对单孔孔板水力空化器孔直径、孔板厚度及进口压力对孔板水力空化效果的影响进行了数值模拟计算,获得了压力分布、湍动能以及流线速度矢量分布图等数据.结果表明,在孔的出口段靠近孔的区域存在空化发生区和空泡破灭区.这一区域的大小随孔直径的增加而增大,随孔板厚度的增加而增大.湍动能和速度矢量之间有着密切的联系,湍流漩涡的作用范围随孔直径和孔板厚度的增加而变大.进口压力对孔板式水力空化发生器空化效果的影响随压力的增大成线性变化,对于空化效果没有决定性的影响.通过比较分析,得出内径为32 mm的单孔孔板式水力空化发生器的最佳孔直径约为1.6 mm,孔板厚度约为14 mm.%Based on Fluent large-scale flow field calculation software and standard κ-ε turbulence model, the numerical analysis of hydrodynamic cavitation effect of hole diameter, orifice plate thickness, inlet pressure of single hole plate hydrodynamic cavitation reactor was studied, and the pressure distribution, turbulent kinetic energy and the flow velocity vector maps were obtained. The results show that there is a cavitation occurreding area and a cavitation break area in the hole for the export of the area near the hole. The area size increases with the hole diameter and orifice plate thickness increasing. There is a close relationship between the turbulent kinetic energy and speed vector. The scope of turbulence vortex increases with the increase of the orifice plate thickness and the hole diameter. The inlet pressure of orifice plate hydraulic cavitation generator cavitation effects with the increase of pressure changes linearly. It has no decisive influence on the cavitation effect. The results of comparison show that the 32 mm diameter single hole plate hydrodynamic cavitation reactor's optimum diameter is about 1.6 mm, and the orifice plate thickness is about 14 mm.