峨眉山大蚯蚓肠道可培养细菌多样性研究

摘要

为探究峨眉山大蚯蚓秉前环毛蚓(Pheretima carnosa)肠道可培养细菌多样性,测定采样点土壤基本理化性质,从蚯蚓肠道中分离可培养细菌并进行16S rDNA系统发育分析,探究分离菌株的相似性、多样性、优势度及均匀度,绘制稀释曲线.结果显示:峨眉山大蚯蚓生活在有机质丰富的土壤环境中,其肠道中分离出的56株细菌分布在3门14属,其中芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)为明显优势菌群;此外,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(1.73)、Berger-Parker优势度指数(0.536)、Margalef指数(3.23)、Evenness均匀度指数(0.66)均表明峨眉山大蚯蚓肠道可培养细菌多样性丰富,而且稀释曲线表明尚有大量未分离细菌.上述研究为峨眉山大蚯蚓肠道微生物资源的开发利用奠定了基础.%To explore the diversity of culturable intestinal bacteria in the earthworms (Pheretima carnosa) from Mount Emei,the basic physical and chemical properties of soil in sample points in the Mount Emei were measured,followed by screening and isolation of intestinal bacteria from earthworm guts.Phylogenetic analysis was carried out based on 16S rDNA sequencing.A series of measurements of the similarity,diversity index,dominance index and evenness index were analyzed,and the dilution curve was drawn finally.The results showed that the Mount Emei earthworms lived in the soil enviromuent with rich organic matter and that a total of 56 culturable bacteria strains were isolated,belonging to 3 phyla,14 genera,among which Bacillus was the dominant genus.Shannon-Wiener diversity index (1.73),Berger-Parker index (0.536),Margalef index (3.23) and Evenness index (0.66) all showed the abundant diversity of culturable intestinal bacteria of the Mount Emei earthworms.The dilution curve indicated that a lot of intestinal bacteria were still not screened.The results laid a foundation for the development and utilization of the intestinal microbial resources of the large Pheretima carnosa in Mount Emei.