From the year 1898 when Mashiwentong(《马氏文通》)was born, to 1923 before the New Chinese Grammar(《新著国语文法》)had published, Chinese grammar study can be divided into two phases. The first phase(1898-1919) was the time when word-orientation grammar was born, which was based on the classical ancient Chinese. Word-orientation grammar belonged to writing-ology, and served for article’s understanding and composition. The second phase(1920-1923) was the time when sentence-orientation grammar was born, which was based on the modern Chinese language. The sentence-orientation grammar was independent, and aimed for the study and popularization of modern Chinese. This paper(part A)is going to discuss the first phase we mentioned above. Two pioneer works of modern Chinese grammar, the word-orientation grammar system generated by Mashiwentong (《马氏文通》)and the modern writing-ology work with some grammatical content, the Book of Chinese Language. Appeared under the influence of these two works were the use of Function Words in Speaking and Writing and other five textbooks of grammar or writing-ology, the Medium Chinese Language Book, the Summary of Middle School Grammar, Master of WenFa, the Summary of WenFa, the Handouts of New Chinese WenFa. During this phase, the word WenFa(文法)had two meanings. One means the grammar, and other means the writing-ology. The five books we mentioned above had their differences as well, the WenFa(文法)in the first two books were talking about the grammar that based on the Mashiwentong(《马氏文通》)’s word-orientation idea. The last three books’WenFa(文法)were integrated in the content of writing-ology. The general morphology ideas in these five books were:Following the concepts of nine grades of Chinese words and the classification of each grades’basic syntactic function that Mashiwentong(《马氏文通》)had established; Confirming the importance of the class-switch that Chinese word had through borrowing or degeneration, the order and place of the word and the usage of function word. Presenting word, phrase and sentence were the three levels of Chinese grammar units; Distinguishing two different components of the syntactic structure: the main component and the affiliate component. The main component included subject and predicate(with its association like object or complement). The affiliate component fell into adjective or adverb. The components of the syntactic structure sometimes could be shifted or omitted as well. The sentences in Chinese can be organized according their moods or tones, like the declarative sentence, the interrogative sentence, the imperative sentence and the exclamatory sentence. These studies created the condition for the grammar transition from word-orientation to sentence-orientation.%提1898年《马氏文通》出版到1924年《新著国语文法》出版前（1898-1923）中国语法研究分两个阶段：前段（1898-1919）是文言“词本位”文法产生，文法属于文章学，为了会通和写作文章。后段（1920-1923）是国语“句本位”文法创建，文法独立，为了教学研究和推广国语。本文谈前段：中国现代语法学文言“词本位”文法体系《马氏文通》和有文法内容的现代文章学《汉文典》两部开山之作产生。两部开山之作支配、影响下出现一本《言文一贯虚字使用法》外，五种文章学文法教科书：《中等国文典》《中华中学文法要略》《文法会通》《文法要略》《新体国文典讲义》。这个阶段“文法”有两义：一指Grammar（葛朗玛），一指文章学。五书前两种文法独立，是照《马氏文通》词法蕴涵句法内容的“词本位”文法，后三种文法内容结合在文章学中。五书共定汉语词法内容是：继《马氏文通》确立汉语九品词和每品的分类及其基本句法功能；确认汉语词类有“假借”“变性”的转类和词的位置次序及虚词用法的重要性。提出汉语句法单位有词、短语、句三级，句法结构分主要成分、附属成分；主要成分分主语、谓语（谓语可有连带成分宾语、足语），附属成分分形容词性的、副词性的。句法成分可有移位、省略变化。汉语句子按语气分叙述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。这些为“词本位”文法嬗变下阶段“句本位”的创建创造了条件。
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