建国初期农业制度变迁：路径、特征与绩效--基于埃西姆格鲁制度变迁理论的视角

摘要

建国初期是各项农业制度发生剧烈变革的时期。文章试图从整体上考察这一时期农业制度变迁的路径、特征与绩效。文章认为：在国家政治权力的保证下，该时期的农业制度变迁构建了埃西姆格鲁式的制度变迁路径。国家是制度的主要供给方，权力弱势的农户难以有效表达其制度需求，从而无法构建出有效的纠偏机制。制度变迁沿着这条路径变得日益僵化，制度的实施越来越依赖于行政命令和意识形态的泛化，最终付出了极高的制度成本。%Just after the founding of New China, various agricultural institutions changed radically. This article attempts to inspect the path, charac-teristics, and performance of the institutional transformation on the whole. In this paper, conclusions are as follows:Under the guarantee of national politi-cal power, the transformation of agricultural institutions follows a special main line of logic and forms an Acemoglu-style path. The state with absolute power advantage is the main supplier of institutions; however, it is difficult for farmers with disadvantaged power to express their institutional require-ments. Institutional transformation along this path is becoming more and more rigid, and finally we pay a very high system cost.