某市轨道交通空气微生物浓度及其影响因素

摘要

目的：调查某市地铁站空气微生物浓度及分布状况，并对其影响因素进行分析。方法：依据《公共场所卫生检验方法》，随机抽取该市的5个地铁站，对其空气微生物分布状况、温度、湿度、人流量进行调查，并对空气微生物种类进行鉴定分析。结果：站台、站厅、车厢细菌总数合格率均为100％，细菌总数分布表现为车厢、站厅＞站台＞地面。站台、站厅、车厢真菌总数合格率分别为72％、60％、50％，真菌总数分布表现为地铁内部（站台、站厅、车厢）菌落总数都大于地面。细菌总数、真菌总数与人流量的相关系数分别为0．719、0．344（P ＜0．05）。细菌中优势菌为葡萄球菌属，真菌中优势菌为曲霉菌属和青霉菌属。结论：该市地铁内部细菌污染程度较轻，但真菌污染程度较严重，且空气微生物浓度与人流量密切相关。%Aim: To investigate the concentration and distribution of airborne microorganism and its influential factors in subway station in a city.Methods: According to examination methods for public places , five subway stations were randomly selected and the distribution of airborne microorganism , temperature, relative humidity, number of passengers were moni -tored.Results: The qualification rates of total of bacterial in platform , lobby and carriage were all 100%.The highest for to-tal of bacterial was carriage and lobby , the higher was platform, and the lowest was outdoors.The qualification rates of total of fungi for platform, lobby and carriage were 72%, 60%, and 50%, respectively.Total of fungi in platform, lobby and car-riage was higher than outdoors.The Spearman′s correlation coefficient between total of bacterial and fungi and number of pas -sengers was 0.719, 0.344, respectively (P <0.05).It is observed that the dominant genus in bacteria was staphylococcus , and the dominant genus in fungi was Aspergillus spp and Penicillium spp .Conclusion: The level of bacterial pollution is low, but the degree of fungi contamination is high .Concentration of airborne microorganism indoor is higher than outdoor . There is significant correlation between concentration of airborne microorganism and number of passengers .