已有文献仅仅关注FDI对内资企业的单向技术溢出效应，然而，由于知识学习是一个交互的过程，因而内、外资企业之间可能存在双向的技术溢出效应。基于高技术产业面板数据的实证研究，在真正表征核心技术水平的专利产出方面，内、外资企业之间并不存在单向的或者双向的技术溢出效应；而在新产品产出方面，虽然FDI对内资企业产生了一定的溢出效应，但内资企业同样存在对等的逆向溢出效应。研究结果表明：人们所期望的FDI对内资企业的技术溢出效应并不明显，“以市场换技术”的外资利用战略并未收到预期效果。%Previous studies only focus on unidirectional technology spillover of FDI to domestic enterprises. As knowledge learning is an interactive process , there may exist bidirectional technology spillover effect between FDI and domestic enterprises. The empirical study based on panel data of high-tech industrial sectors showed that there was no unidirectional or bidirectional technology spillover effect between FDI and domestic enterprises with regard to patent output , which represented the core technology level of enterprises. Meanwhile, for new product output, though FDI has significant promotion effect on domestic enterprises, there is also reverse technology spillover effect from domestic enterprises to foreign enterprises. The conclusion of this paper implied that the technology spillover effect from FDI to domestic enterprises, which was expected, did not come true, and the strategy of utilizing FDI so as to trading market for technology in China was somewhat invalid.
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