《尼各马可伦理学》与密尔《功利主义》幸福观比较

摘要

幸福是人类终其一生不懈追求的对象,更是古今哲学家热衷谈论的伦理话题,在亚里士多德的《尼各 马可伦理学》一书中,幸福是至善,是符合德性的现实活动.但密尔的《功利主义》展现的哲学思想却表明幸福是一 个具体的整体,它与德性没有关系,甚至还有高低等级之分.立足于《尼各马可伦理学》和密尔的《功利主义》,通 过二者不同的幸福观的比较,探讨幸福的多样面貌.%Happiness is the constant pursuit of human beings, and it is the ethical topic that has been heatedly discussed by ancient and modern philosophers. In Aristotle's book Nicomachean Ethics happiness is to be good and it is in accordance with morality. But the Mill's utilitarianism suggests that happiness is a whole,and it is irrelevant to morality ' even with hierarchy. This paper is based on the Nicomachean Ethics and Mill's utilitarianism ' by comparing the different view of happiness in order to explore the diversity of happiness.