制度变迁：1930年前后关中地区的水利改革——以泾惠渠的修建和小型水利改革为例

摘要

Historically, both formal and informal system of water governance have formed to represent the state and local water governance principles respectively. A series of water and irrigation reforms in the around 1930＇s have attempted to break the traditional operating mechanisms and establish a leveled principles under the control of national water systems. So the paper, taking the irrigation reform as a case, aims to study how to view the traditional formal system of rural water governance, how to establish and implement a informal system of the rural water governance and how to coordinate the two so as to fins a solution to the problem.%封建社会时期，我国关中地区逐渐形成了水利治理的正式制度与非正式制度，它们分别代表着国家和地方的水利治理原则。而1930年前后进行的一系列水利改革，却力图打破传统的水利运作机制，建立国家掌控下的层级水利制度。以此次水利改革为研究案例，探讨国家如何看待传统乡村水利治理的非正式制度，以及如何在乡村水利治理中推行并确立水利治理的正式制度，以及两者之间是否协调，如何推动问题解决机制的演进，对于我们了解民国时期关中水利设施的治理无凝是有帮助的。