马克思认为，资本主义社会不仅存在工人劳动异化，资本家也处在异化状态，工人与资本家只是异化的方式不同，在异化过程中的地位及感受不同。异化不仅源于人性的贪婪、生产力没有充分发展的物质条件，而且主要是由于不平等、不自由的资本主义制度造成的。消除异化，才能使人获得解放，而消除异化与获得解放的基本途径就是建立平等、自由的社会制度。资本主义社会继获得初步的政治解放之后，社会解放成为最突出的目标。对当今所有国家而言，政治解放与社会解放事业，依然任重道远。%Marx argues that there exists not only labor alienation of workers, but also alienation of capitalists in capitalism society. Workers’ alienation and capitalists’ alienation are different in ways. Workers and capitalists have different positions and feelings in the process of alienation. Alienation is not only from the human nature of greed and underdeveloped productivity, but also mainly due to the lack of the equality and freedom of the capitalist system. To eliminate alienation makes people liberated and the basic path of eliminating alienation and obtaining liberation is to establish equal and free social rules. Social liberation is the most prominent target after political liberation in capitalist society. At present, all countries have a long way to go in political liberation and social liberation.
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