论司马迁对孔子撰史方法的继承和发展--以“春秋笔法”与“书法不隐”为中心

摘要

司马迁撰写《史记》，效法孔子作《春秋》的撰述方法，借助历史表达褒贬好恶，宣扬政治理想，成其一家之言；同时，又摆脱了《春秋》“虚美隐恶”的书法限制，贯彻了史家秉笔直书的实录精神。由于他在撰史方法上既有对前人的继承，又有结合时代特征的新发展，从而使《史记》成为继《春秋》之后中国古代史书撰述的又一不朽典范。%Sima Qian wrote Historical Records to express personal views and political ideal by learning Confucius ’ s method of writing Spring and Autumn.At the same time, he got rid of Spring and Autumn'swriting principles of enlarging beauty hiding evil , and carried out the spirit of historians to record the truth .As far as the history recording method , because he not only inherited something good from ancestors , but also made new development combining the characteristics of his times , so that Historical Records become another immortal example among Chinese ancient history books .