矿用防冲方形折纹薄壁构件吸能特性数值分析

摘要

为有效防治煤矿冲击地压，或在一定程度上减小冲击地压事故造成的损失，提出了一种矿用防冲方形折纹薄壁构件，构件防冲体现在构件被压溃过程中吸收冲击能和压溃空间给煤岩提供了一定的能量释放空间。采用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟了不同壁厚、轴向堆积不同模块个数的构件的吸能特性，并与常规方形薄壁进行了对比分析。结果表明：①方形折纹薄壁构件与常规方形薄壁构件相比有较低的压溃峰值载荷，有较高的总吸能和比吸能，防冲性优势明显。②减小折纹薄壁构件的壁厚和减小模块长度来增加构件轴向模块个数均能有效降低压溃峰值载荷，但同时也降低了总吸能和比吸能。根据模拟结果，选定了矿用防冲方形折纹薄壁构件尺寸，并进行了实验研究，证明了模拟的准确性。防冲构件与现有支架相结合使用，可使现有支架成为顶梁防冲支架、底梁防冲支架、两帮防冲支架、防冲液压支柱等。%For effective rock burst prevention or reducing loss due to rock burst in coal mine,a thin-walled component with square folds for rock burst prevention in mine was put forward,the rock burst prevention embodied the component absorbing impact energy and space in crushing process to provide an energy release space for coal rock. ABAQUS finite element software was used to simulate the energy absorption properties of the component with different wall thicknesses and numbers of modules in axial direction and a comparative analysis between the simulated energy-absorption properties and those of a component with conventional rectangular thin walls was done.The Result Indicated that the thin-walled component with square folds has a lower crushing peak load and a higher total energy absorption and ratio of energy-absorption,its rock burst prevention effect is remarkable;reducing the wall thickness of the thin-walled component with square folds and reducing the length of modules to increase their number in axial direction can effectively reduce the crushing peak load,but also reduce the total energy absorption and ratio of energy-absorption,at the same time. According to the simulation results,the size of the thin-walled component with square folds was chosen for rock burst prevention,the experimental study was performed to prove the correctness of the simulation.The thin-walled components with square folds for rock burst prevention were combined with the existing supports,to make them act as bumper brackets of top beam bottom beam,and hydraulic column,etc.