弹性球壳声散射对矢量传感器测向精度的影响

摘要

由无指向性的声压传感器和具有偶极子指向性的振速传感器组成的矢量传感器，被应用于水声技术的各个领域；在实际应用过程中，常常把矢量传感器固定在某个水下平台上，而平台产生的散射场会使矢量传感器的接收声场发生畸变，进而影响其测量结果。本文以实际应用为背景，建立了弹性球壳障板的声散射场对矢量传感器测向性能影响的模型，并通过仿真分析了不同入射频率、不同观察距离、不同球壳厚度和半径条件下障板对矢量传感器测向精度的影响，研究结果为矢量传感器在水声测量中的应用提供理论支撑。%A vector sensor is composed of omni directional sound pressure sensors and a dipole directional particle velocity sensor,and it is widely used in underwater acoustic fields.But,in actual applications,a vector sensor is usually fixed at an installation platform whose scattering field inevitably distorts the vector sensor's receiving field,thus its measuring results are affected.Here,taking practical applications as a background,a model for influence of sound scattering of an elastic spherical shell on the vector sensor's direction measuring was theoretically built.The influences with different incident frequencies,different observing locations,different shell thickness and radius on the accuracy of direction measuring were analyzed with simulation.The results provided a theoretical support for application of a vector sensor in underwater acoustic measuring.