5A06铝合金力学性能测试及其平板抗水下冲击动态响应分析

摘要

通过万能实验机和分离式霍普金森拉杆分别获得了5A06铝合金材料在25℃～250℃范围内的准静态及常温高应变率下的拉伸应力－应变曲线。基于实验结果，对 Johnson-Cook 本构模型中的温度软化项进行了修改，进而拟合得到了修改后的本构模型参数。利用动力学有限元软件 AUTODYN-2D 的 Euler-Lagrange 耦合算法，结合力学性能实验所得到的5A06铝合金本构模型，对水下冲击波作用下5A06铝合金平板的动态响应历程进行了数值仿真，仿真结果与实验结果吻合良好，证明了材料模型及其参数的有效性。进而获得了铝合金平板在水下冲击波作用下的动态响应特性。%The mechanical properties and dynamic constitutive relation of 5A06 aluminium alloy material were investigated.The quasi-static and dynamic uniaxial tension experiments were conducted at the temperature ranging from 25 ℃ to 250 ℃ by using a universal testing machine and a split Hopkinson tension bar.As a result,the mechanical behaviors of 5A06 aluminium alloy under different temperatures and strain rates were obtained.Based on the experimental results,the temperature softening item of the Johnson-Cook strength model was modified and the material constants were calibrated by a combination of experimental tests and numerical simulations with the finite element software AUTODYN-2D.Finally,the dynamic response histories and dynamic responding characteristics of 5A06 aluminum alloy plates subjected to underwater shock loading were investigated by using numerical simulations.The results of numerical calculation agree well with the test results.It is shown that the numerical calculation model is reasonable and reliable.