带弹性支撑的颗粒碰撞阻尼的减振机理研究

摘要

具有双重减振结构的带弹性支撑的颗粒碰撞阻尼具有优秀的减振性能.为了探索带弹性支撑的颗粒碰撞阻尼的减振机理,建立了带弹性支撑的颗粒碰撞阻尼系统的动力学模型,在Matlab环境下编制了仿真计算程序,模拟计算了在带弹性支撑的颗粒碰撞阻尼作用下的悬臂梁的减振性能.理论计算结果与实验结果进行比较,验证了提出的动力学模型.运用该动力学模型讨论了阻尼器腔体间隙比、冲击器质量比、刚度比的基本规律.得到了以下结论:① 带弹性支撑的颗粒碰撞阻尼系统的动力学模型是可靠的;② 带弹性支撑的颗粒碰撞阻尼具有优秀的减振性能,远远超过单体碰撞阻尼;③ 带弹性支撑的颗粒碰撞阻尼最优的结构参数组合(间隙比为0.15,刚度比为0.007).%An elastically supported particle impact damper (ESPID) with double damping structures has excellent damping performances.Here, in order to study the damping mechanism of the damper, the dynamic model of the damper was built.A simulation procedure was programmed in Matlab, the damping performance of a cantilever beam with the damper was simulated using the program.The dynamic model was verified by comparing the results of numerical simulation with test ones.Then using the dynamic model, the laws of the damper''s chamber clearance ratio, impactor mass ratio, stiffness ratio, were discussed.The results showed that ① the dynamic model of the ESPID is reliable;② the performance of the ESPID is much more excellent than that of a single impact damper;③ the optimal structure parameters of the ESPID are clearance ratio of 0.15 and stiffness ratio of 0.007.