驾驶模拟条件下高速公路线形指标对驾驶绩效影响特征分析∗

摘要

Driver′s performance is an important indicator to measure drivers′ability to maintain a safe driving.In or-der to study the impact of highway alignments on the transversal and longitudinal driving performance,a set of simulated driving experiments are designed and carried out.The experiment road was divided into several segments according to ge-ometry.Taking driving speed and lane offset as performance indicators,statistical analysis is used to study the variation of driving performance on different road segments.The experimental results indicate that driving speed increases slightly along with the increase of curve radius;the driving speed increases first and then decreased along with the increase of gra-dient at downhill sections;lateral offset does not significantly change under different road alignments and lane offsets are affected by multiple factors,such as driving experience,driving speed and highway alignment.This study may serve as a reference for the"customized" road alignment design.%驾驶绩效是衡量驾驶员维持正常驾驶能力的重要指标。为研究高速公路平、纵线形指标对驾驶员行车过程中纵向和横向驾驶绩效的影响，利用模拟驾驶实验平台开展了模拟驾驶实验。按照几何线形对实验场景进行路段划分，统计分析了不同线形指标路段单元上车辆速度、车道偏移量等驾驶绩效指标的变化规律。实验结果表明，车辆运行速度随着平曲线半径增大而上升；下坡路段车速随着纵坡坡度的增大出现先上升后下降的小幅度变化；车辆横向偏移量随道路线形指标无明显变化规律，其变化受驾驶经验、车速、线形指标等多因素影响。这一研究可为高速公路人性化道路线形设计提供参考。