基于加权灰色关联度的空中交通管制员工作负荷影响因素分析

摘要

In order to precisely evaluate the workload of air traffic controllers,quantitative analyses of effective fac-tors are significant.Considering the traffic situation in sectors as well as the performances of controllers,14 key factors are identified in the analysis of controllers′ workload,the weights of which are computed by grey correlation entropy. Then an analysis on the workload of air traffic controllers is conducted,and the magnitude of its identification coefficient is optimized.The data collected from a radar simulator of 01/19 area in a control sector of Beijing are applied for model validation.It indicates that the number of ground-air communication,times of equipment operation,and sector access in-dex are the most important factors influencing the workload of controllers.The weighted gray correlation degree of these three factors are 0.844 0,0.796 1,and 0.693 5 respectively.Moreover,the ranking results of weighted gray correlation degree are consistent with the controllers′subjective ranking results by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)method.The relative importance of influencing factors on air traffic controllers′workload can be revealed by the weighted gray correla-tion degree analysis.%定量分析影响管制员工作负荷的因素对于实现管制员工作负荷的精确评价具有重要意义。综合考虑扇区交通运行情况以及管制员工作表现，确定了14个影响管制员工作负荷的因素指标。利用灰色关联熵确定指标权重，建立了基于加权灰色关联度的管制员工作负荷影响因素分析方法，并对分辨系数的取值进行了优化。用北京01／19区域管制扇区的雷达模拟机数据对上述方法进行验证。结果表明，陆空通话次数、设备操作次数、扇区进出指数分别是影响管制员工作负荷最重要的3个因素，其加权灰色关联度分别为0．8440，0．7961，0．6935。同时，加权灰色关联度的排序结果与层次分析法得出的管制员主观排序结果基本一致。采用加权灰色关联度对管制员工作负荷影响因素进行分析能够揭示各影响因素的重要程度。