张东荪对唯物史观的批评

摘要

作为著名的哲学家，在历史观方面，张东荪提出了夸大工具作用的“唯器史观”，认为“唯器史观”与唯物史观在关注对象、理论旨趣和历史主体方面存在根本性的对立，并从“唯器史观”的角度对马克思主义的唯物史观进行了批评。这些批评虽然有一定的合理性，但总体有失偏颇，其主要原因还是出于他对唯物史观的误解。%The famous philosopher Zhang Dongsun put forward his historical implementalism, which overstated the functions of implements, and believed that there were essential antagonism between the historical implementalism and the historical materialism. What’s more, Zhang criticized Marxism historical materialism, which is partly ratio⁃nal, but on the whole, it is biased due to his misunderstanding of historical materialism.