康德哲学中的感性理论

摘要

Sensibility has received much attention in Kantian philosophy.Kant countered the criti-cism of sensibility at the level of experience,and argued for it from the cognitive perspective. From the transcendental point of view,he proposed that time and space were two direct forms of transcendentalism that man had,and the transcendental sensibility was the essential way of ra-tionality as the law of nature.According to Kant’s transcendental sensibility,Welsch found the basic position of aesthetics in philosophy and culture.Imagination is a kind of important percep-tual ability,and it connects sensibility and understanding in Kantian philosophy.The aesthetic judgment,as the main content of the reflective judgment,plays an important role in the connec-tion between nature and freedom,and emotion and imagination play a decisive role in the aesthet-ic judgment.So sensibility plays an important role in Kantian philosophy.%感性在康德哲学中得到了充分的重视。从经验的层面，针对于感性所受到的贬低，康德对感性进行了认知意义上的辩护。从先验的层面，他提出时间和空间是人所具有的两种先验直观形式，这种先验感性是人的理性为自然立法的最基本方式。根据康德的先验感性论，韦尔施发现了美学在哲学以及文化中的基础地位。想象力是一种重要的感性能力，它内在地沟通了康德哲学中的感性和知性。作为反思判断力主要内容的审美判断力在沟通自然和自由中担任着重要角色，而在审美判断中起着决定性作用的又是情感和想象力。所以感性在康德的哲学中具有极其重要的地位。