二语语用发展特征的四大理论模式——过渡语语用学系列研究之四

摘要

二语习得领域对于语用能力的发展特征有四种理论假设或者模式：渐进型、瓶颈型、U型和Ω型。但是这些研究中都存在一些共同的问题：持特定理论假设的研究者没有说明自己理论的适用范围;没有详细阐明不同学习环境的作用;对语用能力的定义（包括理论的和操作上的）不够合理;没有弄清楚二语语用能力和二语语言水平的关系;实验研究中对语用干预的任务难度的设计也欠合理。%There are basically four theories or hypotheses about the developing pattern of L2 pragmatic development： gradual progress,bottleneck progress,U-shape progress and Ω-shape progress.Some problems,however,remain unsolved in these studies： not justifying what circumstance each hypothesis can apply to,not mentioning the role of learning environment,not being clear in the definition of pragmatic competence,not having deep insight on the relationship between L2 pragmatic competence and L2 proficiency,not being scientific in designing interference tasks in the experimental studies.