灰色市场环境下供应链协调的补偿策略研究

摘要

针对授权分销商有可能参与灰色市场投机的问题,构建了由制造商、授权分销商及独立的灰市投机者组成的三阶段博弈模型.考虑了授权分销商参与灰色市场投机和不参与灰色市场投机两种决策情形.首先,给出了批发价格契约下各参与者的均衡策略.然后,分析发现:当授权分销商所处市场的需求弹性较大时,分销商可以从参与灰色市场投机获利;在两种决策情形下,集中化供应链系统利润大于分散化供应链系统利润.最后,通过引入补偿策略设计了供应链的协调契约;并指出通过调节协调契约中的参数可以使得供应链系统的利润在制造商和分销商之间任意分配.%Considering an authorized distributor may participate in a gray market,a three-stage model consist-ing of one manufacturer,one distributor and one independent speculator is established. Two decision settings are considered,regarding the participation of the authorized distributor:The authorized distributor participating or not participating in the gray market.Firstly,the paper derives the equilibrium decision of each player under a wholesale price contract. Secondly,the analysis shows that when the demand elasticity of the distributor's market is high to some degree,the distributor can benefit from the participation in the gray market; and the profit of the decentralized supply chain is always lower than that of the centralized supply chain in either of the two decision settings. Finally,the paper develops a coordination contract by introducing a compensation strategy,and shows that the supply chain profit can be arbitrarily divided between the manufacturer and the distributor by setting the parameter appropriately.